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STUDI PENGARUH KUALITAS PENCAMPURAN BATUBARA TERHADAP PERFORMANCE PLTU SUPER KRITIKAL XYZ KAPASITAS 815 NMW

ARIYANTO, Wishnu and Kusdiyantini, Endang and Sulardjaka, Sulardjaka (2025) STUDI PENGARUH KUALITAS PENCAMPURAN BATUBARA TERHADAP PERFORMANCE PLTU SUPER KRITIKAL XYZ KAPASITAS 815 NMW. Masters thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Sebuah Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap Superkritikal dengan kapasitas maksimum 815 NMW menghadapi kekurangan pasokan batubara yang sesuai dengan spesifikasi boiler. Oleh karena itu, pencampuran batubara dengan jenis batubara lain diperlukan untuk menjaga keberlangsungan operasional selama satu tahun. Studi ini menganalisis dampak pencampuran tiga jenis batubara terhadap kinerja pembangkitan listrik melalui pengujian laboratorium, termasuk analisis proksimat, ultimat, dan abu dan pengujian direct firing test di boiler. Berdasarkan hasil laboratorium, dilakukan pencampuran batubara pada rasio tertentu dan dianalisis potensi slagging dan fouling-nya dengan mempertimbangkan batasan teknis. Lima rasio pencampuran batubara yang memenuhi kriteria diuji melalui pembakaran langsung di dalam boiler pada beban 790 NMW untuk menilai dampaknya terhadap lingkungan, kebersihan boiler, efisiensi unit, dan penghematan biaya. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kandungan silika dan alumina dalam campuran tertentu meningkatkan kebersihan boiler hingga 2%, sementara rasio campuran lainnya menurunkan kebersihan akibat peningkatan kandungan abu. Empat campuran batubara meningkatkan efisiensi boiler hingga 3,1%, yang dikaitkan dengan terjaganya kebersihan boiler dan peningkatan Nilai Kalor Bruto (Gross Calorific Value) dari campuran batubara, sehingga mengurangi total aliran bahan bakar. Dengan demikian, efisiensi unit juga meningkat, dengan penurunan NPHR sebesar 61,05 kCal/kWh. Analisis biaya menunjukkan potensi penghematan hingga Rp 42 miliar per tahun dari konsumsi batubara dan pengurangan pajak karbon. Selain itu, emisi gas buang dan kualitas air limbah dari semua rasio pencampuran batubara tetap berada dalam batas yang ditetapkan oleh Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup.
Kata kunci: pencampuran batubara, test penbakaran secara langsung, kebersihan boiler, efisiensi, biaya

A Supercritical Power Plant with a maximum capacity of 815 NMW faces a shortage of coal supply that meets boiler specifications. Therefore, coal blending with other types of coal is required to maintain operational continuity for one year. This study analyzes the impact of blending three types of coal on the performance of the power generation through laboratory tests, including proximate, ultimate, and ash analysis. Based on the laboratory results, performed coal blending at specific ratios and analyzed for slagging and fouling potential while being filtered against technical limitations. Five coal blending ratios that met the criteria were tested through direct firing in the boiler at a 790 NMW load to assess the impact on environmental, boiler cleanliness, unit efficiency, and cost savings. The results indicate that an increase in silica, and aluminum content in specific blends improved boiler cleanliness by up to 2%, while other blending ratios reduced cleanliness with the increase in ash content. Four coal blends improved boiler efficiency up to 3.1%, attributed to sustained boiler cleanliness and an increase in the blended coal's Gross Calorific Value (GCV), resulting in a reduction of total fuel flow. Consequently, unit efficiency also improved, with a decrease in NPHR of 61.05 kcal/kWh. Cost analysis revealed potential savings of up to IDR 42 billion per year from coal consumption and carbon tax reductions. Additionally, flue gas emissions and wastewater quality from all coal blending ratios remained within the limits set by the Ministry of Environment.
Keywords: coal blending, direct firing test, boiler cleanliness, efficiency, cost

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords: pencampuran batubara, test penbakaran secara langsung, kebersihan boiler, efisiensi, biaya
Subjects: Engineering
Divisions: Postgraduate Program > Master Program in Energy
Depositing User: ekana listianawati
Date Deposited: 30 Oct 2025 04:57
Last Modified: 30 Oct 2025 04:57
URI: https://eprints2.undip.ac.id/id/eprint/40490

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