SILWANUS, Silwanus and Sulardjaka, Sulardjaka and Saptadi, Singgih (2024) ANALISIS PEMANFAATAN SISA UAP PADA SAAT PADAM TOTAL (BLACKOUT) SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI POMPA EMERGENCY LUBE OIL PENGGERAK STEAM-TURBINE MINI PADA PLTU PT. XYZ. Masters thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji potensi pemanfaatan energi sisa uap dalam uap drum pada PLTU PT XYZ saat terjadi padam total untuk mengoperasikan pompa pelumasan darurat. Fokus utama penelitian adalah mengevaluasi kinerja pompa pelumasan darurat dalam kondisi padam total, serta mengukur dampak pemasangan pompa pelumasan darurat berbasis turbin uap mini terhadap waktu start-up PLTU pasca padam total. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga mencakup analisis biaya investasi dan operasional untuk implementasi sistem tersebut. Pendekatan penelitian dimulai dengan pengumpulan data terkait sisa energi uap yang tersedia, yang kemudian dianalisis secara teknis untuk menghitung kapasitas energi. Penelitian ini membandingkan durasi operasional pompa emergency lube oil sebelum dan sesudah penerapan sistem baru, serta mengevaluasi keandalan pompa berbasis steam turbine dalam merespons kondisi padam total. Untuk memastikan pemanfaatan energi ini tidak mengganggu waktu startup, dilakukan analisis statistik menggunakan uji t. analisis ekonomi juga disertakan, dengan membandingkan investasi awal dengan potensi kerugian yang dapat terjadi jika sistem pelumasan darurat gagal berfungsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sisa energi sebesar 4.415.501,17 BTU yang tersimpan dalam steam drum mampu mengoperasikan pompa pelumasan darurat selama 1,6 jam, cukup untuk menjaga kelancaran pelumasan bearing turbin dan generator hingga pasokan listrik pulih. Solusi ini terbukti andal, tidak mengganggu waktu startup, dan layak secara ekonomi dengan biaya investasi (CAPEX) sebesar $422.443,33 serta biaya operasional (OPEX) sebesar $2.163,13.
Kata Kunci: Energi Sisa Uap, Padam total, Pelumasan Emergency, Keandalan, Downtime

This study investigates the potential of utilizing residual steam energy stored in the steam drum of PT XYZ's PLTU during a blackout to power an emergency lubrication pump. The primary objective is to evaluate the performance of the emergency lube oil pump during total blackout conditions and to assess the impact of implementing a micro steam turbine-driven emergency lube pump on the startup duration of the PLTU following a blackout. Additionally, the study analyzes the investment and operational costs required for the system's implementation. The research methodology begins with data collection on the residual steam energy, followed by a technical analysis to determine its capacity. It compares the operational duration of the emergency lube oil pump before and after implementing the new system and evaluates the reliability of the micro steam turbine-driven pump in responding to blackout scenarios. To ensure that this energy utilization does not hinder startup time, a statistical t-test analysis was performed. Furthermore, an economic analysis compared the initial investment with the potential losses that could occur if the emergency lubrication system fails. The results indicate that the residual energy of 4,415,501.17 BTU in the steam drum is sufficient to operate the lubrication pump for 1.6 hours, allowing continuous lubrication of the turbine and generator bearings until the electricity supply is restored. This solution proved to be reliable, did not interfere with the startup time, and is economically viable with a capital expenditure (CAPEX) of $422,443.33 and operational expenditure (OPEX) of $2,163.13.
Keywords: Residual Steam Energy, Blackout, Emergency Lube, Reliability, Downtime

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