SAFITRI, Inayati and Yuliastuti, Nany and Maryono, Maryono (2021) PENGUATAN MODAL SOSIAL DAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT PADA PROGRAM PENATAAN LINGKUNGAN KAWASAN KUMUH KAMPUNG GUMELEM KABUPATEN PEMALANG. Masters thesis, School of Postgraduate Studies.

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Abstract

Kampung Gumelem merupakan kawasan kumuh yang menjadi prioritas penataan dengan skala kawasan di Perkotaan Kabupaten Pemalang. Beberapa program penataan kawasan pernah dilakukan pada Kampung Gumelem, namun karena bersifat sektoral hasilnya belum terlihat secara signifikan. Kualitas lingkungan pada Kampung Gumelem masih belum bisa dikatakan layak. Sejauh ini penataan yang sudah dilakukan hanya berfokus pada penataan lingkungan dan fisik bangunan saja serta belum menyentuh pada penataan aspek sosial masyarakat, sehingga diperlukan analisis mendalam mengenai karakter masyarakat melalui modal sosial dan partisipasi masyarakat yang ada di dalamnya untuk mewujudkan pembangunan partisipatif.
Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat modal sosial dan partisipasi masyarakat, serta analisis strategi yang tepat dalam mencapai keberhasilan penataan kawasan kumuh berdasarkan tingkat modal sosial dan partisipasi masyarakat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah analisis deskriptif dan Skoring. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat modal sosial berada pada level sedang, artinya perilaku masyarakat belum sepenuhnya aktif dalam menjaga dan mempertahankan lingkungan yang telah dibangun. Tingkat partisipasi berada pada level Pelimpahan Kekuasaan, artinya masyarakat telah berpartisipasi secara aktif dalam peaksanaan program penataan permukiman. Perumusan strategi untuk mempertahankan lingkungan yang telah dibangun di analisis dengan menggunakan Analisis Medan Daya (Force Field Analysis). Hasilnya ialah beberapa faktor pendorong penguatan lingkungan meliputi keaktifan masyarakat pada program penataan kawasan, sedangkan faktor penghambat penguatan lingkungan ialah sikap kurang pedulinya masyarakat terhadap keberlangsungan infrastruktur yang telah terbangun. Solusi yang ditawarkan yakni dengan membentuk Kelompok Pemanfaat dan Pemeihara (KPP) untuk menjaga dan mempertahankan infrastruktur yang telah terbangun agar dapat dimanfaatkan dengan optimal, serta menjaga kualitas permukiman menjadi tidak kumuh kembali.
Kata kunci : Permukiman Kumuh, Penataan Kawasan, Partisipasi dan Modal Sosial

Gumelem Village is a slum area that is a priority for structuring on an urban scale in Pemalang Regency. Several regional structuring programs have been carried out in Gumelem Village, but because they are sectoral the results have not been seen significantly. The environmental quality in Gumelem Village is still not feasible. So far the arrangement that has been carried out has only focused on structuring the environment and physical buildings and has not touched on structuring the social aspects of the community, so an in-depth analysis of the character of the community through social capital and community participation is needed to realize participatory development.
The research aims to analyze the level of social capital and community participation, as well as to analyze the right strategy in achieving the success of slum area management based on the level of social capital and community participation. The research method used is descriptive analysis and scoring. The results of the study show that the level of social capital is at a moderate level, meaning that the behavior of the community has not been fully active in maintaining and maintaining the environment that has been built. The level of participation is at the level of Delegation of Power, meaning that the community has actively participated in the implementation of the settlement arrangement program. The formulation of strategies to maintain the built environment is analyzed using Force Field Analysis. The result is that several factors driving the strengthening of the environment include community activity in the regional structuring program, while the inhibiting factor for strengthening the environment is the attitude of the community's lack of concern for the sustainability of the infrastructure that has been built. The solution offered is to form a Beneficiary and Maintenance Group (KPP) to maintain and maintain the infrastructure that has been built so that it can be used optimally, as well as to maintain the quality of settlements so that they are not slum again.
Keywords: Slum Settlement, Regional Planning, Participation and Social Capital

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