Huwaida, Elvina Chirza (2026) DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACTS AND POWER RELATION IN THE PROPOSAL (2009) MOVIE. Undergraduate thesis, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya.

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Abstract

The Proposal (2009), directed by Anne Fletcher, was selected as the object of this
study because it portrays a distinctive power-imbalanced relationship between
Margaret, an editor-in-chief, and Andrew, her assistant. This study aims (1) to
analyze the types of directive speech acts used by Margaret and Andrew, and (2) to
examine how these directives reflect power relations between the characters. This
study utilizes the directive speech acts framework proposed by Searle (1979). A
descriptive qualitative method was employed to analyze the directive utterances
produced by both characters. The data were collected through non-participant
observation (William, 2008) and analyzed using the distributional method proposed
by Sudaryanto (2015). The results revealed that 59 directive speech acts were
identified, classified into request (21), order (15), command (14), ask (6), advice
(2), and invite (1). The dominance of requests reflects how the characters tend to
soften their directives despite the existing power imbalance. Furthermore, as the
relationship shifts from professional to personal, their use of directive speech acts
also shifts from authority to solidarity. This study implies that directive speech acts
can be used to reveal power dynamics and relational shifts between characters or
the speakers.
Keywords: directive speech acts, felicity conditions, power & solidarity,
pragmatics analysis, speech acts.

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