SIMANGUNSONG, Cindy Dwi Septiana and Yulianto, Bambang and Hermawan, Ferry (2026) STRATEGI EFEKTIF PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH INFEKSIUS PADAT RUMAH SAKIT YANG BERKELANJUTAN (STUDI KASUS : RSUD SULTAN IMANUDDIN PANGKALAN BUN, KALIMANTAN TENGAH). Masters thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Rumah sakit merupakan salah satu penghasil limbah infeksius yang berpotensi menimbulkan risiko kesehatan dan pencemaran lingkungan apabila tidak dikelola dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesesuaian pengelolaan limbah infeksius dengan PermenLHK No. P.56/2015, menilai tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap petugas pengelola limbah infeksius, serta merumuskan strategi pengelolaan limbah infeksius yang efektif dan berkelanjutan di RSUD Sultan Imanuddin Pangkalan Bun, Kalimantan Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan kuesioner. Responden terdiri dari sanitarian, perawat, dan petugas kebersihan. Metode SWOT dilakukan untuk menentukan strategi efektif dalam mengelola limbah infeksius padat yang berkelanjutan di RSUD Sultan Imanuddin Pangkalan Bun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan limbah infeksius di RSUD Sultan Imanuddin pada tahap pemilahan, pemisahan, pengumpulan, penimbangan, pengolahan, dan penimbunan telah sesuai dengan PermenLHK No. P.56/2015, namun pada tahap penyimpanan sementara, limbah infeksius tidak disimpan pada TPS Limbah B3 sehingga pada tahap ini belum sesuai dengan PermenLHK No. P.56/2015. Timbulan limbah infeksius berkisar antara 0,4 – 0,8 kg/bed/hari dan menunjukkan kecenderungan peningkatan seiring peningkatan aktivitas pelayanan medis. Tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap responden terhadap pengelolaan limbah infeksius sudah baik. Hasil analisis SWOT menunjukkan strategi kekuatan – peluang memiliki skor tertinggi sehingga menempatkan RSUD Sultan Imanuddin pada kuadran I sehingga strategi yang digunakan adalah strategi progresif. Rekomendasi yang dapat diberikan kepada rumah sakit yaitu : 1) penguatan pengawasan pengelolaan limbah oleh sanitarian untuk mencegah paparan mikroorganisme dan pencemaran lingkungan, 2) optimalisasi penggunaan insinerator melalui uji emisi dan pemeliharaan rutin guna memenuhi baku mutu emisi dan mencegah pencemaran udara, 3) pemanfaatan dana pemerintah untuk peningkatan fasilitas, peralatan, kapasitas SDM, serta penyediaan APD pengelolaan limbah infeksius, 4) kolaborasi dengan pihak ketiga berizin untuk mendukung pengelolaan limbah infeksius, termasuk pelaksanaan uji emisi insinerator minimal 6 bulan sekali, 5) digitalisasi pencatatan limbah melalui sistem informasi guna mendukung monitoring dan pengawasan timbulan limbah infeksius.
Kata kunci : rumah sakit, pengelolaan limbah infeksius, PermenLHK No. P.56/2015, pengetahuan dan sikap petugas, strategi progresif

Hospitals are one of the main sources of infectious waste, which may pose health risks and environmental pollution if not properly managed. This study aimed to analyze the compliance of infectious waste management with the Regulation of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia No. P.56/2015, to assess the level of knowledge and attitudes of infectious waste management personnel, and to formulate effective and sustainable infectious waste management strategies at Sultan Imanuddin Regional General Hospital, Pangkalan Bun, Central Kalimantan. This study employed a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and questionnaires. Respondents consisted of sanitarians, nurses, and cleaning service staff. A SWOT analysis was conducted to determine effective strategies for sustainable solid infectious waste management at Sultan Imanuddin Regional General Hospital.
The results showed that infectious waste management at the stages of segregation, separation, collection, weighing, treatment, and final disposal complied with Regulation No. P.56/2015. However, at the temporary storage stage, infectious waste was not stored in a hazardous waste temporary storage facility (TPS Limbah B3), indicating non-compliance with the regulation at this stage. The generation rate of infectious waste ranged from 0.4 to 0.8 kg/bed/day and showed an increasing trend in line with the growth of medical service activities. The level of knowledge and attitudes of respondents toward infectious waste management was categorized as good. The SWOT analysis indicated that the strength–opportunity strategy had the highest score, placing the hospital in Quadrant I, which suggests the adoption of a progressive strategy.
The recommended strategies include: (1) strengthening waste management supervision by sanitarians to prevent microbial exposure and environmental pollution; (2) optimizing the use of incinerators through regular emission testing and maintenance to meet emission quality standards; (3) utilizing government funding to improve facilities, equipment, human resource capacity, and the provision of personal protective equipment for infectious waste management; (4) collaborating with licensed third parties to support infectious waste management, including periodic incinerator emission testing; and (5) digital waste recording systems to support monitoring and supervision of infectious waste generation.
Keywords: hospital, infectious waste management, Regulation of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry No. P.56/2015, knowledge and attitudes of personnel, progressive strategy

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