Muhammad Raymond Pratama, Raymon (2025) RAGAM BAHASA ORANG TUA (RŌJINGO) DALAM MANGA NARUTO KARYA MASASHI KISHIMOTO (Kajian Sosiolinguistik). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Diponegoro.

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Abstract

Pratama, Muhammad Raymond. 2025. The Use of Elderly Speech (Rōjingo) in the
Manga Naruto by Masashi Kishimoto (A Sociolinguistic Study). Undergraduate
Thesis. Japanese Language and Culture Study Program, Faculty of Humanities,
Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang. Supervisor: Elizabeth Ika Hesti Aprilia Nindia
Rini, S.S., M.Hum.
This study aims to identify the forms of elderly speech (rōjingo) used in the manga
Naruto by Masashi Kishimoto and to explain its role in representing social
relationships among characters. The data were collected through an observation
method and analyzed using a descriptive qualitative approach based on Kinsui’s
yakuwarigo theory and Brown and Gilman’s power and solidarity framework. The
findings show that rōjingo appears in five main forms: personal pronouns, copula,
progressive aspect, existential verbs, and negation, with personal pronouns and
copula as the most dominant features. In terms of social relations, the use of rōjingo
most frequently occurs in P+ S− (51%), followed by P− S+ (48%), P+ S+ (38%),
and P− S− (34%). These results indicate that rōjingo functions not only as a marker
of old age but also as a linguistic device for representing hierarchy and social
distance among characters.

Keywords: rōjingo, yakuwarigo, Naruto manga

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