HERIYANINGTYAS, Evi and Maryono, Maryono and Muhammad, Fuad (2025) ANALISIS PENATAAN KAWASAN TAMAN WISATA ALAM GROJOGAN SEWU KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR JAWA TENGAH BERBASIS SENSITIVITAS EKOLOGIS DAN SOSIAL EKONOMI. Masters thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) Grojogan Sewu merupakan kawasan konservasi yang terletak di Kabupaten Karanganyar. TWA Grojogan Sewu telah disusun dokumen penataan kawasan pada tahun 2016 tetapi belum menggunakan pendekatan sensitivitas ekologis dan sensitivitas sosial ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kondisi biofisik ekologis, kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat sekitar TWA Grojogan Sewu, menganalisis daya tarik wisata dan mendesain penataan kawasan dalam blok pengelolaan dengan pendekatan sensitivitas ekologis dan sensitivitas sosial ekonomi. Analisis vegetasi menggunakan keragaman Shannon-Wienner. Pengambilan data persepsi masyarakat menggunakan metode statistik deskriptif. Sedangkan, pengambilan data daya tarik wisata menggunakan metode ADO-ODTWA dengan lima indikator yaitu daya tarik, aksesibilitas, kondisi lingkungan sosial ekonomi masyarakat, sarana dan prasarana serta daya dukung kawasan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penentuan blok pengelolaan adalah integrasi Spatial Multi Criteria Analysis (SMCA) dan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG), yang memadukan data biofisik, sosial ekonomi, dan potensi wisata. Indikator penentuan blok TWA Grojogan Sewu yang termasuk dalam sensitivitas ekologis adalah tutupan vegetasi, tutupan lahan, kelas kelerengan, kepekaan batuan dan kepekaan flora dan fauna. Sedangkan indikator pada sensitivitas sosial ekonomi adalah aksesibilitas potensi pemanfaatan area wisata, area aktivitas di dalam kawasan dan area pemanfaatan sumber air.
Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kawasan TWA Grojogan Sewu memiliki keanekaragaman vegetasi dengan indeks keragaman sedang pada strata semai, pancang, tiang dan pohon. Hasil analisis ADO-ODTWA TWA Grojogan Sewu memiliki potensi daya tarik tinggi 72%, indikator kelayakan tinggi pada aksesibilitas 82%, kelayakan sedang untuk kondisi lingkungan sosial ekonomi masyarakat 60%, kelayakan tinggi pada sarana prasarana 69% serta potensi daya dukung kawasan sedang dalam pemanfaatan kegiatan wisata alam 59%. Masyarakat sekitar kawasan memiliki kesadaran konservasi yang baik serta mendukung pengembangan wisata berkelanjutan. Penataan kawasan menggunakan pendekatan sensitivitas ekologis dan sosial ekonomi menghasilkan dua blok yaitu blok perlindungan seluas 36,966 ha dan blok pemanfaatan seluas 27,158 ha. Hasil ini memberikan arahan penataan ruang yang mendukung perlindungan ekosistem sekaligus membuka peluang manfaat ekonomi bagi masyarakat.
Kata kunci: penataan kawasan, sensitivitas ekologis dan sosial ekonomi, Taman Wisata Alam Grojogan Sewu

Grojogan Sewu Nature Tourism Park (TWA) is a conservation area located in Karanganyar Regency. A zoning document for TWA Grojogan Sewu was prepared in 2016; however, it did not incorporate ecological sensitivity and socio-economic sensitivity approaches. This study aims to assess the biophysical and ecological conditions, examine the socio-economic conditions of the communities surrounding TWA Grojogan Sewu, analyze its tourism potential, and design spatial zoning within management blocks using ecological and socio-economic sensitivity approaches.Vegetation analysis was conducted using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Community perception data were collected using descriptive statistical methods. Meanwhile, tourism potential data were obtained using the ADO-ODTWA method, which includes five indicators: attractiveness, accessibility, socio-economic environmental conditions, facilities and infrastructure, and carrying capacity. The method used to determine management blocks was an integration of Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis (SMCA) and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS), combining biophysical, socio-economic, and tourism potential data.
Indicators of ecological sensitivity for determining zoning blocks in TWA Grojogan Sewu include vegetation cover, land cover, slope class, geological sensitivity, and flora-fauna sensitivity. Socio-economic sensitivity indicators include accessibility, tourism utilization potential, activity areas within the park, and water resource utilization areas.The analysis results show that TWA Grojogan Sewu has moderate vegetation diversity across the seedling, sapling, pole, and tree strata. The ADO-ODTWA analysis indicates that TWA Grojogan Sewu has a high tourism attractiveness potential (72%), high feasibility in terms of accessibility (82%), moderate feasibility in socio-economic environmental conditions (60%), high feasibility for facilities and infrastructure (69%), and moderate carrying capacity for nature-based tourism activities (59%). Local communities demonstrate strong conservation awareness and support the development of sustainable tourism. Zoning based on ecological and socio-economic sensitivity resulted in two management blocks: a protection block covering 36.966 hectares and a utilization block covering 27.158 hectares. These results provide spatial planning guidelines that support ecosystem protection while opening opportunities for community-based economic benefits.
Keywords: spatial planning, ecological and socio-economic sensitivity, Grojogan Sewu Nature Tourism Park

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