Sari, Christina (2025) KARAKTERISTIK POLA PERJALANAN PENUMPANG BERDASARKAN TIPOLOGI DI KAWASAN STASIUN TRANSIT. Doctoral thesis, UNDIP.

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Abstract

Commuter mobility in urban areas remains heavily reliant on private vehicles due to
weak connectivity in the first-mile and last-mile segments, as well as a mismatch between
spatial planning and the actual travel patterns of passengers. Previous studies have
predominantly applied uniform physical-spatial approaches, without adequately
accounting for the local characteristics of station areas or the variability in user travel
behavior when shaping Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) strategies. This gap
highlights the need for a typological approach to station area planning that integrates
both spatial attributes and passenger mobility behavior, enabling a more adaptive and
context-sensitive planning framework.
This study aims to examine the formation of station area typologies along a transit
corridor, identify travel behavior characteristics particularly during the first-mile and
last-mile stages and investigate the relationship between travel patterns and station area
typologies along the Jakarta Kota–Bogor commuter rail corridor. A quantitative
approach was employed, combining exploratory and inferential methods. Primary data
were collected through a questionnaire survey distributed to passengers at 24 stations.
The analysis was conducted in three stages: (1) identifying passengers’ socio
demographic characteristics and travel patterns; (2) constructing station area typologies
based on spatial-functional variables using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and K
Means Clustering; and (3) testing the relationship between travel behavior and station
typologies using cross-tabulation, ANOVA, and partial correlation.
The findings reveal five distinct station area typologies: integrated central areas, dense
commercial zones, medium-density residential areas, car-oriented suburban areas, and
emerging mixed-use zones. Each typology demonstrates significant differences in travel
behavior, particularly in terms of access mode, trip frequency, trip purpose, and first
mile/last-mile distance. Passengers in integrated central areas tend to use active modes
and travel more frequently, whereas suburban areas are dominated by private vehicle
use and exhibit longer access distances. The application of TOD concepts in transit
corridors, such as those in Indonesia, can be effectively implemented by incorporating
station area typologies and user travel profiles into planning and development strategies.
Keyword: travel pattern, typology, transit nodes, commuter rail station, first-mile, last
mile

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