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ANALISIS EKSERGI PADA SISTEM BOILER BERBAHAN BAKAR CANGKANG DAN FIBRE KELAPA SAWIT PADA KAPASITAS 60 TON/JAM PENGOLAHAN TANDAN BUAH SAWIT MENJADI CRUDE PALM OIL

PASARIBU, Daniel and Nur, Muhammad and Muchammad, Muchammad (2025) ANALISIS EKSERGI PADA SISTEM BOILER BERBAHAN BAKAR CANGKANG DAN FIBRE KELAPA SAWIT PADA KAPASITAS 60 TON/JAM PENGOLAHAN TANDAN BUAH SAWIT MENJADI CRUDE PALM OIL. Masters thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Boiler merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam memenuhi kebutuhan akan steam dari suatu proses produksi di industri. Peningkatan efisiensi boiler, memerlukan ketelitian karakteristik dan performansi termodinamika. Hal ini dapat ditinjau lebih lengkap dengan analisis eksergi.
Untuk mengetahui adanya kerugian kerja dalam suatu sistem diperlukan analisis eksergi. Perhitungan itu sendiri memerlukan data kapasitas panas. Karena massa yang masuk ke dalam boiler dari bahan bakar berupa senyawa kimia, maka untuk menghitung kapasitas panasnya sesuai dengan zat kimia pada senyawa tersebut.
Analisis yang akan dilakukan di dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan mengevaluasi pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan energi pada sistem boiler sehingga dapat ditentukan nilai neraca massa, energi, dan ekserginya.
Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan diperoleh bahwa nilai efisiensi boiler adalah 68,71. Untuk nilai efisiensi panas sebesar 98,59%, 86,97%, dan 52,83%. Efisiensi Hukum Termodinamika II adalah 16,81%, 21,21%, dengan nilai kefektifan interaksi panas sebesar 0,005% sedangkan nilai efisiensi eksergi adalah 85,51% dengan nilai efisiensi eksergetik adalah 97,09% dan 17,86%.
Untuk mengoptimalkan unjuk kerja sistem boiler dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan temperatur udara pembakaran diusahakan setinggi mungkin dengan mengoperasikan boiler mendekati kapasitas maksimum (60%-90%).
Kata kunci: boiler, energi, eksergi, efisiensi, termodinamika

Boiler is one of the important components in meeting the steam needs of a production process in industry. Increasing boiler efficiency requires precision of thermodynamic characteristics and performance. This can be reviewed more completely with exergy analysis.
To find out the work lossess in a system, exergy analysis is needed. The calculation itself requires heat capacity data. Therefore, the mass entering the boiler from the fuel is in the form of chemical compounds, so to calculate the heat capacity, calculations need to be made based on the chemical substances contained in the compound.
The analysis that will be carried out in this study is to provide resources and energy utilization in the boiler system so that the mass, energy, and exergy balance values can be determined.
Based on the calculation results, the boiler efficiency value is 68.71. For the heat efficiency values of 98.59%, 86.97%, and 52.83%. The efficiency of the Second Law of Thermodynamics is 16.81%, 21.21%, with a heat interaction effectiveness value of 0.005% while the exergy efficiency value is 85.51% with an exergetic efficiency value of 97.09% and 17.86%.
To optimize the performance of the boiler work system, it can be done by increasing the combustion air temperature which is attempted as high as possible by operating the boiler close to maximum capacity (60% -90%).
Keywords: boiler, energy, exergy, efficiency, thermodynamics

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords: boiler, energi, eksergi, efisiensi, termodinamika
Subjects: Sciences and Mathemathic
Divisions: Postgraduate Program > Master Program in Energy
Depositing User: ekana listianawati
Date Deposited: 08 Oct 2025 08:19
Last Modified: 08 Oct 2025 08:19
URI: https://eprints2.undip.ac.id/id/eprint/39723

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