Thuraya, Ameera Zaina (2025) Analysis of Morphological and Genetic Variation of Patchouli (Pogostemon sp.) from Konawe and Batang Regency Based on Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) Markers. Under the supervision. Undergraduate thesis, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika.

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Abstract

Patchouli (Pogostemon sp.) is an essential oil-producing plant cultivated widely in
Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the morphological and genetic variations of
patchouli from Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi, and Batang, Central Java, using
Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) molecular markers. Morphological
characterization was conducted through visual observation of plant structures,
while molecular analysis involved DNA isolation, PCR amplification, and
phylogenetic analysis using MEGA X and BLAST tools. Distinct differences in
morphological traits were observed, including leaf color, size, and shape, as well as
stem characteristics among the samples. Molecular analysis confirmed genetic
variation, with DNA fragments measuring 750 bp obtained through PCR
amplification. BLAST analysis demonstrated high genetic similarity with
Pogostemon cablin voucher PS0119MT01 (99.41%) and GY1 (98.95%). The
phylogenetic tree confirmed evolutionary relationships among samples with high
bootstrap values. Significant morphological and genetic variations were identified
in patchouli from both regions. These findings provide valuable insights into
genetic diversity and lay the foundation for further research to support the
development of superior varieties.
Keywords: Patchouli, genetic variation, ITS, phylogenetics.

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