MARGONO, Agung Budi and Hadi, Sudharto P. and Hidayat, Jafron Wasiq (2025) MODEL KELEMBAGAAN PENGELOLAAN WADUK JATIBARANG DI KOTA SEMARANG. Doctoral thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Waduk Jatibarang di Kota Semarang merupakan infrastruktur strategis yang berfungsi untuk pengendalian banjir, penyediaan air baku, dan pengembangan wisata berbasis masyarakat. Namun, sejak beroperasi pada 2015, waduk ini menghadapi tantangan serius seperti percepatan sedimentasi, penurunan kualitas air, serta lemahnya koordinasi antar-lembaga pengelola. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas tata kelola kelembagaan Waduk Jatibarang secara kolaboratif dan berkelanjutan.
Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi wawancara mendalam, studi dokumen, observasi lapangan, dan analisis isi. Kerangka teoritik mencakup teori kelembagaan sumber daya alam (Ostrom, 1990), tata kelola kolaboratif (Bodin et al., 2020), dan pendekatan sosial-ekologis (Berkes & Folke, 1998).
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan Waduk Jatibarang masih bersifat sektoral, belum melibatkan masyarakat secara optimal, dan belum didukung regulasi berbasis komunitas. Kesepakatan antara BBWS Pemali-Juana dan Perum Jasa Tirta I hanya mencakup aspek teknis. Forum Komunitas Peduli Waduk (FKPW) dan Pokdarwis belum memiliki dasar hukum yang kuat dalam tata kelola.
Sebagai kontribusi kebaruan, penelitian ini menawarkan model kelembagaan berbasis collaborative governance dengan forum lintas institusi, sistem evaluasi tahunan berbasis indikator sosial-ekologis, serta regulasi daerah untuk memperkuat peran komunitas lokal. Temuan ini dapat menjadi acuan bagi pengembangan kebijakan pengelolaan waduk yang lebih partisipatif dan berkelanjutan di Indonesia.
Kata kunci: Waduk Jatibarang, tata kelola kelembagaan, pengelolaan kolaboratif, sedimentasi, partisipasi masyarakat

Jatibarang Reservoir in Semarang City is a strategic infrastructure that functions to control flooding, provide raw water, and develop community-based tourism. However, since operating in 2015, this reservoir has faced serious challenges such as accelerated sedimentation, declining water quality, and weak coordination between management institutions. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of institutional governance of Jatibarang Reservoir in a collaborative and sustainable manner.
The method used is a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews, document studies, field observations, and content analysis. The theoretical framework includes the theory of natural resource institutions (Ostrom, 1990), collaborative governance (Bodin et al., 2020), and the socio-ecological approach (Berkes & Folke, 1998).
The results of the study show that the management of Jatibarang Reservoir is still sectoral, has not optimally involved the community, and has not been supported by community-based regulations. The agreement between BBWS Pemali-Juana and Perum Jasa Tirta I only covers technical aspects. The Reservoir Care Community Forum (FKPW) and Pokdarwis do not yet have a strong legal basis in governance.
As a novel contribution, this study offers an institutional model based on collaborative governance with cross-institutional forums, an annual evaluation system based on socio-ecological indicators, and regional regulations to strengthen the role of local communities. These findings can be a reference for the development of more participatory and sustainable reservoir management policies in Indonesia.
Keywords: Jatibarang Reservoir, institutional governance, collaborative management, sedimentation, community participation

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