Faqih, Nasyiin (2025) OPTIMASI MULTIOBYEKTIF PADA TANAMAN SEMUSIM DENGAN BERBAGAI VARIASI POLA PENANAMAN BERBASIS PENGENDALIAN EROSI. Doctoral thesis, UNDIP.

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Abstract

The Dieng Plateau, as an upstream watershed area, ideally functions as a conservation zone;
however, land conversion for intensive potato cultivation has caused severe deforestation and
erosion. This situation threatens soil fertility and increases sedimentation in reservoirs, reducing
the capacity of hydroelectric power plants. The low adoption of soil conservation techniques
further exacerbates environmental degradation and the socio-economic vulnerability of the
farming communities in the area. This dissertation examines the multi-objective optimization of
potato and shallot planting patterns in the Dieng Plateau, aiming to maximize farmers’ income
while minimizing soil erosion. The study begins by identifying the problem of high erosion rates
that threaten soil fertility and agricultural sustainability. The literature review covers factors
influencing soil erosion, crop production, and multi-criteria decision-making methods,
emphasizing the MOORA method combined with AHP for weighting evaluation criteria. Field
experiments were conducted across six planting scenarios: potatoes and shallots planted parallel
and perpendicular to contour lines, along with control plots without crops. Annual rainfall during
the study ranged from 2,500 to 3,500 mm. Results showed that planting potatoes parallel to
contours yielded the highest productivity at 26,891.67 kg/ha (76.8% of optimal
productivity), with a net income of IDR 188,133,360 per hectare, but accompanied by a
high erosion rate of 191.44 tons/ha over three months. Conversely, planting potatoes
perpendicular to contours significantly reduced erosion to 60.16 tons/ha in three months,
with a lower net income of IDR 148,366,640 per hectare. Planting shallots parallel to
contours produced a net income of IDR 173,125,000 per hectare and erosion of 202.62
tons/ha over three months, while planting perpendicular to contours reduced erosion to
165.63 tons/ha and yielded a net income of IDR 168,750,000 per hectare. Using seven
weighted criteria — harvest yield, erosion, net income, production cost, planting
duration, market demand, and productivity — MOORA analysis identified potato planting
parallel to contours as the optimal alternative with a MOORA score of 0.126, balancing
economic benefits and environmental impact. Shallot planting perpendicular to contours
scored 0.068, indicating better erosion profiles but lower economic returns. All tested
planting patterns showed positive MOORA values, indicating practical feasibility with
trade-offs between income and soil conservation. This study recommends implementing
contour-parallel planting for potatoes combined with conservation practices to maximize
profit while controlling erosion, and considering perpendicular planting on erosion
prone areas. This integrated approach supports sustainable land management in the
Dieng Plateau and provides valuable data for policymakers and farmers’ decision
making.
Keywords: Erosion, Multi-Objective Optimization, Dieng Plateau, Sustainable
Agriculture.

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