NASTUTI, Reni and Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih and Sudarno, Sudarno (2024) REKONSTRUKSI PERUBAHAN KUALITAS AIR DANAU MANINJAU SUMATERA BARAT BERDASARKAN DIATOM SEBAGAI LANDASAN PENGEMBANGAN STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN DANAU BERKELANJUTAN. Doctoral thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

	Text COVER.pdf Download (1MB)
	Text BAB I.pdf Download (402kB)
	Text BAB II.pdf Download (1MB)
	Text BAB III.pdf Restricted to Repository staff only Download (260kB)
	Text BAB IV.pdf Restricted to Repository staff only Download (1MB)
	Text BAB V.pdf Restricted to Repository staff only Download (2MB)
	Text BAB VI.pdf Restricted to Repository staff only Download (505kB)
	Text DAFTAR PUSTAKA.pdf Download (508kB)
	Text LAMPIRAN.pdf Restricted to Repository staff only Download (2MB)

Abstract

Tingginya aktivitas masyarakat menyebabkan penurunan mutu lingkungan danau. Pengembangan strategi pengelolaan danau diperlukan untuk menanggulangi kondisi danau. Penelitian ini menggabungkan pendekatan perubahan penggunaan lahan, neolimnologi, dan paleolimnologi berdasarkan diatom sebagai bioindikator penunjang strategi danau berkelanjutan. Diatom (Bacillariophyta) merupakan organisme sensitif perubahan lingkungan yang membentuk mikrofosil di lapisan sedimen. Sample air dan sedimen diambil pada lima stasiun. Sampel air meliputi analisis fitoplankton, logam, klorofil, TN, dan TP. Sampel sedimen untuk analisis diatom, logam, TN, dan TP dengan Dissection corer. Setiap kedalaman 5 cm diambil dan dilakukan digesti, preparasi, dan observasi di bawah mikroskop. Indeks keanekaragaman, kemerataan, dan dominansi dihitung menggunakan PAST 4.12, indeks diatom dihitung menggunakan Omnidia 6.1. Perubahan penggunaan lahan tahun 1992 hingga 2022 dengan ArcGis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan TDS, Nitrat, Nitrit, Fe, Cu, Pb, Cd memenuhi standar kualitas air PP No.22 Tahun 2021. COD, Zn, dan H2S melebihi standar kelas I, II, dan III. TSS dan Amonia melampaui standar kelas I dan II. pH sesuai standar kelas I, II, III, dan IV. TN berkisar dari 3.480 µg/l - 4.940 µg/l, konsentrasi TP berkisar 4 µg/l - 47µg/l, kecerahan berada pada kedalaman 1,5m - 2,5m dan konsentrasi klorofil berkisar dari 4.491µg/l - 11.690 µg/l. Indeks pencemaran menunjukkan kondisi tercemar ringan hingga tercemar sedang. Indeks struktur komunitas fitoplankton dan diatom menunjukan ekosistem relatif stabil. Indeks diatom menunjukan kecenderungan perubahan status mesotrofik menjadi eutrofik. Pencemaran dan eutrofikasi akibat peningkatan lahan pemukiman, pertanian dan berkurangnya hutan. Berdasarkan analisis SWOT dirumusan strategi pengelolaan danau berkelanjutan meliputi Fitoremediasi, nanoteknologi, pupuk organik dan system peringatan dini.
Kata Kunci : Neolimnologi, Paleolimnologi, Tataguna Lahan, kualitas, Strategi Pengelolaan Danau

The high level of community activity has led to a decline in the environmental quality of Maninjau Lake. The development of a lake management strategy needs to be done to overcome the condition of Lake Maninjau. This research combines land use change, neolimnology and paleolimnology approaches based on diatoms as bioindicators to support sustainable lake development planning. Diatoms (Bacillariophyta) are sensitive organisms to environmental changes that form microfossils in the sediment layer. Water and sediment samples were taken at five stations. Water samples were taken for phytoplankton, metals, chlorophyll, TN, and TP analyses. Sediment samples were taken for analysis of diatoms, metals, TN, and TP with a Dissection corer. Every 5 cm depth was taken and subjected to digestion, preparation, and observation under a microscope. Diversity, evenness, and dominance indices were calculated using PAST 4.12, diatom index was calculated using Omnidia 6.1. Analysis of land use change from 1992 to 2022 was conducted using ArcGis. The results showed TDS, Nitrate, Nitrite, Fe, Cu, Pb, Cd met the water quality standards of PP No.22 of 2021. COD, Zn, and H2S exceed class I, II, and III standards. TSS and Ammonia exceed class I and II standards. pH complies with class I, II, III, and IV standards. TN ranged from 3,480 µg/l - 4,940 µg/l, TP concentration ranged from 4 µg/l - 47µg/l, brightness was at a depth of 1.5m - 2.5m and chlorophyll concentration ranged from 4,491µg/l - 11,690 µg/l. The pollution index showed lightly polluted to moderately polluted conditions. The phytoplankton and diatom community structure index showed a relatively stable ecosystem. The diatom index shows a tendency to change from mesotrophic to eutrophic status. Pollution and eutrophication are supported by an increase in residential land and a reduction in forest land. Based on SWOT analysis, sustainable lake management strategies are formulated including chemical precipitation, phytoremediation, nanotechnology, organic fertiliser and early warning systems.
Keywords: Neolimnology, Paleolimnology, Land Use, quality, Lake Management Strategy

Actions (login required)

View Item