THARIEQ, M. Amanun and Wardhani, Lita Tyesta Addy Listya and Muhammad, Fuad (2024) KAJIAN NILAI EKONOMI DAN POTENSI PENGELOLAAN BERKELANJUTAN EKOSISTEM MANGROVE DESA KEBOROMO, TAYU, PATI. Masters thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Kerusakan ekosistem mangrove sering terjadi akibat pemanfaatan secara ekstraktif untuk kebutuhan perekonomian. pengelolaan yang tepat salah satunya melalui upaya valuasi sebagai penghubung antara faktor ekonomi dan lingkungan diperlukan, untuk mewujudkan kestabilan pemanfaatan dan kelestarian lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi ekologi mangrove melalui analisis vegetasi, aspek ekonomi berdasarkan valuasi ekonomi total ekosistem mangrove, dan aspek sosial berdasarkan persepsi masyarakat dan stakeholder guna merumuskan alternatif strategi pengelolaan mangrove di Desa Keboromo, Kecamatan Tayu, Pati. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Maret 2023, menggunakan metode survey dengan kombinasi pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Spesies mangrove yang teridentifikasi di stasiun penelitian adalah Avicennia marina dan Avicennia alba, sedangkan enam jenis mangrove lain ditemukan diluar stasiun penelitian. Analisis vegetasi didapatkan kerapatan pohon (>1.500 individu/ha) dan persentase tutupan kanopi (>75%) termasuk pada kategori padat, sedangkan nilai kerapatan permudaan (semai dan pancang) dengan kategori rendah. Tingkat kekritisan mangrove termasuk rendah, sebagai indikator mangrove tidak dalam kondisi rusak. Nilai valuasi ekonomi total ekosistem mangrove sebesar Rp3.164.578.891/tahun, yang berasal dari nilai manfaat sebesar Rp2.614.845.915/tahun dan nilai non-manfaat sebesar Rp549.732.976/tahun. Masyarakat memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang sudah bagus terhadap jenis mangrove, fungsi dan manfaat serta persepsi terhadap keberadaan mangrove. Bentuk pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove Desa Keboromo yang diharapkan oleh masyarakat sekitar adalah sebagai kawasan perlindungan ekosistem. Peran stakeholder yang berwenang dalam memberikan pendampingan terhadap masyarakat sangat dibutuhkan, juga diperlukan peningkatan koordinasi antar sektor yang lebih baik untuk mewujudkan pengelolaan berkelanjutan. Analisis SWOT menunjukkan alternatif strategi yang dihasilkan berdasarkan faktor kekuatan dan faktor peluang dengan bentuk strategi yang agresif. Alternatif strategi pengelolaan yang dihasilkan sebanyak lima strategi dengan urutan prioritas pertama adalah menyusun konsep pengelolaan mangrove dengan kolaborasi bersama masyarakat, kelompok masyarakat, dan stakeholder lainnya. Hasil penelitian secara keseluruhan menunjukkan kondisi sumber daya mangrove Desa Keboromo yang masih bagus dan berpotensi untuk dilakukan pengelolaan yang lebih lanjut. Tingkat persepsi masyarakat setempat menunjukkan adanya keinginan untuk mewujudkan pengelolaan terhadap ekosistem mangrove Desa Keboromo. Sehingga kolaborasi antara masyarakat dan stakeholder yang berwenang terhadap ekosistem mangrove Desa Keboromo diharapkan dapat terwujud dengan pertimbangan dan masukan berdasarkan alternatif strategi yang telah dihasilkan melalui penelitian ini.
Kata kunci: Ekosistem, Avicennia sp., Persepsi, Pengelolaan berkelanjutan, Keboromo.

Damage to mangrove ecosystems often occurs as a result of extractive use for economic needs. Sustainable management from valuation study is one sample for an effort link between economic and environmental factors, is needed to realize stable use and environmental sustainability. The aim of this research is to determine the ecological condition of mangroves through vegetation analysis, economic aspects based on the total economic valuation of mangrove ecosystem, and social aspects based on community and stakeholder perceptions in order to formulate alternative mangrove management strategies in Keboromo Village, Tayu District, Pati. The research was carried out in March 2023, using a survey method with a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches. The identification of mangrove species found at the research station is Avicennia marina and Avicennia alba, while six other types of mangroves are found outside the research station. Vegetation analysis showed that tree density (>1,500 individuals/ha) and canopy cover percentage (>75%) were in the dense category, while the density values of seedlings and saplings were in the low category. The criticality level of mangroves is low, as an indicator that the mangroves are not in a damaged condition. The total economic valuation value of the mangrove ecosystem is IDR 3,164,578,891/year, which comes from a benefit value of IDR 2,614,845,915/year and a non-benefit value of IDR 549,732,976/year. Community respondents have a good level of knowledge regarding mangrove types, functions and benefits as well as perceptions of the existence of mangroves. The form of management of the Keboromo Village mangrove ecosystem that is expected by community respondents is as an ecosystem protection area. The role of authorized stakeholders in providing assistance to the community is very much needed, and better coordination between sectors is also needed to realize sustainable management. SWOT analysis shows alternative strategies generated based on strength factors and opportunity factors in the form of an aggressive strategy. Five alternative management strategies were produced with the first priority order being to develop a mangrove management concept in collaboration with the community, community groups and other stakeholders. The overall research results show that the condition of the mangrove resources in Keboromo Village is still good and has the potential for further management. The level of local community perception shows a desire to realize management of the Keboromo Village mangrove ecosystem. So that collaboration between the community and stakeholders in authority regarding the mangrove ecosystem of Keboromo Village is expected to be realized with consideration and input based on alternative strategies that have been produced through this research.
Keywords: Ecosystem, Avicennia sp., Perception, Sustainable management, Keboromo.

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