Wijayanto, Dian and Kurohman, Faik and Nugroho, Ristiawan Agung and Nursanto, Didik Budi (2024) The effects of shallots (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum) on growth, survival and BCR of TGGG hybrid grouper (♀ tiger grouper × ♂ giant grouper). Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation - International Journal of the Bioflux Society, 17 (4). 1396-1403.. ISSN 1844-9166

Text 2024.1396-1403 DW et al.pdf - Published Version Download (667kB)

Abstract

The productivity of the TGGG hybrid grouper (♀ tiger grouper, E.
fuscoguttatus × ♂ giant grouper, E. lanceolatus) cultivation business should be enhanced
to strengthen the welfare of fish farmers and the food security. The TGGG hybrid
grouper, also known as the 'cantang' grouper in Indonesia, is one of the major
commodities for fish farming in the country, cultivated in both brackish ponds and marine
cages. Its popularity stems from strong domestic and international demand, as well as its
relatively high selling price, particularly when sold alive. TGGG hybrid grouper cultivation
began to develop in Indonesia since 2017. Fish farmers are increasingly opting to cultivate TGGG hybrid grouper over tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) and
humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) due to its faster growth rates and greater
resilience which then accelerate the capital turnover. Efforts to control diseases aim to boost survival rates, which in turn positively affects production and profitability (Koh et al
2016; DJPB 2017; Chieng et al 2018; Hidayati et al 2021; Fadli et al 2022; Wijayanto et
al 2022a, b).
The endurance and growth rate of TGGG hybrid grouper should be optimized to
boost production and profits since fish health improves the growth and survival rate of
the fish. Considering the prohibition of antibiotics use in increasing the fish endurance since 2017 (US-FDA 2018), fish farmers in Indonesia can use local ingredients to improve
the endurance of farmed fish, one of which is using shallots (Allium cepa L. var.
aggregatum). Shallots carry anti-biotic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-toxic, and anti-thrombotic properties (Liguori et al 2017; BPS Indonesia 2020; Dorrigiv et al 2021; Wijayanto et al 2022c). The aim of this research was to determine the effect of soaking shallot liquid in
artificial feed on growth, survival, feed efficiency and profits in cultivating TGGG hybrid
grouper.

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