NIAGARA, Nirwan and Yusuf, Muh and Muhammad, Fuad (2024) ANALISIS KESESUAIAN HABITAT DAN STRATEGI REHABILITASI EKOSISTEM MANGROVE DI PULAU KARIMUNJAWA DAN KEMUJAN KABUPATEN JEPARA. Masters thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Ekosistem mangrove merupakan salah satu ekosistem penting di wilayah pesisir yang menyediakan berbagai jasa lingkungan. Namun, sat ini ekosistem mangrove telah mengalami kerusakan akibat terjadinya perubahan lahan. Habitat mangrove merupakan ekosistem konservasi antara darat dan laut yang terdapat pada lokasi pasang surut dan didominasi oleh tanaman mangrove yang toleran terhadap salinitas. Lingkungan mangrove memegang peranan penting dalam ekologi, baik secara ekologis maupun ekonomi. Pulau Karimunjawa dan Pulau Kemujan di Kepulauan Karimunjawa merupakan wilayah di Kabupaten Jepara yang memiliki hutan mangrove dalam kondisi terancam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kondisi vegetasi mangrove, mengidentifikasi luas dan sebaran mangrove, menentukan tingkat kesesuaian lahan areal rehabilitasi mangrove dan merumuskan strategi rehabilitasi mangrove di Pulau Karimunjawa dan Kemujan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Metode kualitatif digunakan dalam kegiatan observasi, analisis visual, studi pustaka, dan interview. Metode kuantitatif digunakan pada saat analisis statistik. Hasil Prediksi luasan ekosistem hutan mangrove di Pulau Kemujan selama 20 tahun ke depan mengalami trend penurunan, nilai penurunan sebesar 11,05 ha. Hasil penelitan menunjukkan bahwa pada lokasi penelitian dijumpai 10 jenis tumbuhan mangrove. Matriks kesesuaian lahan hutan mangrove dan analisis geografis digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat adaptasi lahan mangrove, terdapat empat jenis mangrove yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk program rehabilitasi di lokasi penelitian: Rhizopora apiculata, Rhizopora mucronata, Rhizopora stylosa, Cerriops tagal. Rhizopora sp. mempunyai tingkat adaptasi lahan yang paling tinggi diantara beberapa jenisnya. Rhizopora sp. dapat dibudidayakan pada lahan seluas 397,94 ha (60,84%), Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa jenis mangrove tersebut cukup beradaptasi dengan baik. Usulan program alternatif meliputi penguatan peran kelembagaan, pengembangan teknologi untuk kegiatan rehabilitasi dan konservasi, pemberdayaan Masyarakat pesisir melalui sosialisasi dan pelatihan, serta pengembangan konsep eko-eduwisata mangrove. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya Upaya strategi pengelolaan yang berkelanjutan pada ekosistem mangrove, mengingat peran pentingnya dalam mengurangi konsentrasi CO2 di atmosfer, melindungi Kawasan pesisir, dan mendukung perekonomian masyarakat.
Kata Kunci: Kesesuaian lahan, Ekosistem mangrove, Strategi rehabilitasi, Karimunjawa, Jepara

Mangrove ecosystem is one of the important ecosystems in coastal areas that provide various environmental services. However, the mangrove ecosystem has been damaged due to land conversion. Mangrove habitat is a conservation ecosystem between land and sea that is found in tidal locations and is dominated by salinity-tolerant mangrove plants. Mangrove environments play an important role in ecology, both ecologically and economically. Karimunjawa Island and Kemujan Island in the Karimunjawa Islands are areas in Jepara Regency where mangrove forests are under threat. This study aims to assess the condition of mangrove vegetation, identify the extent and distribution of mangroves, determine the level of land suitability of mangrove rehabilitation areas and formulate mangrove rehabilitation strategies on Karimunjawa and Kemujan Islands. This research used qualitative and quantitative method approaches. Qualitative methods were used in observation, visual analysis, literature study, and interviews. Quantitative methods were used during statistical analysis. The results of the prediction of the extent of the mangrove forest ecosystem on Kemujan Island over the next 20 years experienced a downward trend, the value of the decline amounted to 11.05 ha. The results showed that at the research site 10 species of mangrove plants were found. The mangrove forest land suitability matrix and geographical analysis were used to measure the level of adaptation of mangrove land, there are four types of mangroves that can be used for rehabilitation programs at the research site: Rhizopora apiculata, Rhizopora mucronata, Rhizopora stylosa, Cerriops tagal. Rhizopora sp. has the highest level of land adaptation among several species. Rhizopora sp. can be cultivated on an area of 397.94 ha (60.84%), this indicates that the mangrove species is quite well adapted. Alternative program proposals include strengthening institutional roles, developing technology for rehabilitation and conservation activities, empowering coastal communities through socialization and training, and developing the concept of mangrove eco-tourism. This research emphasizes the importance of sustainable management strategy efforts in mangrove ecosystems, given their important role in reducing CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere, protecting coastal areas, and supporting the community's economy.
Keywords: Land suitability, Mangrove ecosystem, Rehabilitation strategy, Karimunjawa, Jepara

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