Saraswati, Raissa Zandra and Priyono, Ery Agus and Musyafah, Aisyah Ayu (2024) IMPLEMENTATION OF MONITORING OF SEED DISTRIBUTION BY THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE TO PROTECT FARMER’S RIGHT IN INDONESIA (CASE STUDY OF COUNTERFEIT OIL PALM SPROUTS IN E-COMMERCE). _83 Dagang 2024. Undergraduate thesis, Fakultas Hukum Universitas Diponegoro.

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Abstract

Palm oil is crucial to Indonesia's foreign exchange earnings, as it contributes significantly to the nation's economy. The use of high-quality oil palm seeds not only maximizes yields but also ensures the production of high-quality palm oil, thereby increasing its market value. However, the widespread circulation of illegitimate oil palm seeds, primarily due to counterfeit products, remains a prevalent issue, causing losses for stakeholders in the oil palm industry, particularly for oil palm farmers. This research employs a juridical-empirical approach, gathering data from respondents including the Ministry of Agriculture of Indonesia, seed producers, seed breeders, and oil palm farmers. The research findings reveal that the Ministry of Agriculture's supervision, guided by Ministry of Agriculture Decree No. 26 of 2021, follows a structured process in the oil palm seed circulation from production to the consumer.
Despite enforcement efforts by the government, challenges persist, with counterfeiters evading existing laws. Moreover, findings indicate that seed counterfeiters may face administrative and criminal sanctions under existing regulations. Recommendations include implementing stronger enforcement actions, such as publicly destroying illegal seeds, and establishing an efficient reporting system to combat counterfeit seed circulation effectively.
Keywords: Intellectual Property, Plant Variety Protection, Oil Palm, Seeds, Farmer’s Rights

Minyak kelapa sawit sangat penting bagi pendapatan devisa Indonesia, karena memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap ekonomi negara. Penggunaan benih kelapa sawit berkualitas tinggi tidak hanya akan memaksimalkan hasil produksi, tetapi juga menjamin produksi minyak kelapa sawit berkualitas tinggi, sehingga meningkatkan nilainya di pasar. Namun, penyebaran luas benih kelapa sawit ilegitim, terutama karena produk palsu, tetap menjadi masalah utama yang menyebabkan kerugian bagi para pihak dalam industri kelapa sawit, terutama bagi pekebun kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-empiris, mengumpulkan data dari responden termasuk Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia, produsen benih, penangkar benih, dan pekebun kelapa sawit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa
pengawasan Kementerian Pertanian, yang dipandu oleh Keputusan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 26 tahun 2021, mengikuti proses terstruktur dalam penyebaran benih kelapa sawit dari produksi hingga ke konsumen. Meskipun pemerintah telah melakukan upaya
penegakan hukum, tantangan masih ada, dengan pemalsu berhasil menghindari hukum yang ada. Selain itu, temuan menunjukkan bahwa para pemalsu benih dapat menghadapi sanksi administratif dan pidana berdasarkan peraturan yang ada.
Rekomendasi termasuk penerapan tindakan penegakan hukum yang lebih kuat, seperti menghancurkan benih ilegal secara publik, dan membentuk sistem pelaporan yang efisien untuk mengatasi penyebaran benih palsu secara efektif.
Kata Kunci: Hak Kekayaan Intelektual, Perlindungan Varietas Tanaman, Kelapa Sawit, Benih, Hak Petani

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