PAMBAYUN, Mahendra Ken and Helmi, Muhammad and Muhammad, Fuad (2024) STRATEGI MITIGASI BENCANA BERDASARKAN ANALISIS MODEL GEOSPASIAL TINGKAT KERENTANAN LONGSOR LAHAN DI KECAMATAN GUNUNGPATI, KOTA SEMARANG. Masters thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Bencana longsor lahan di Kecamatan Gunungpati memiliki intensitas yang cukup banyak beberapa tahun terakhir. Potensi besaran kerugian yang ditimbulkan dari bencana longsor sangat dipengaruhi oleh tingkat kerentanan di wilayah terdampak terlebih jika tidak memiliki tindakan mitigasi bencana yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tingkat kerentanan dilihat dari parameter keterpaparan, sensitivitas dan kemampuan adaptasi untuk mengetahui tingkat kerentanan total dari bencana longsor lahan. Mengacu pada tingkat kerentanan total yang didapatkan maka dipadukan dengan langkah mitigasi yang perlu dilakukan guna menekan tingkat kerentanan di sana. Studi kerentanan bencana longsor lahan ini menggunakan tiga parameter yaitu parameter keterpaparan (exposure), sensitivitas (sensitivity), dan kapasitas adaptasi (adaptive capability). Pendekatan yang digunakan menggunakan metode Climate Vulnerable Index (CVI). Analisis nilai tingkat kerentanannya menggunakan skoring dengan pembobotan seragam (equal weight). Berdasarkan analisis geospasial dihasilkan peta tingkat kerentanan sebagai dasar wawancara indepth interview guna menganalisis upaya mitigasi bencana. Peta tingkat kerentanan terhadap longsor menunjukan Kecamatan Gunungpati didominasi tingkat kerentanan tinggi dengan presentase wilayah kerentanan tinggi sebesar 51,48 dan kerentanan sedang 48,52%. Strategi mitigasi dengan kebijakan penataan ruang dapat dilakukan melalui penegasan optimalisasi fungsi pemanfaatan dan pengendalian ruang guna menekan tingkat kerentanan longsor. Strategi mitigasi struktural yang perlu dilakukan adalah pembangunan infrastruktur penahan lereng, penanaman vegetasi keras, pengadaan Early Warning System (EWS) longsor, pemasangan tanda jalur evakuasi hingga dan relokasi pemukiman yang rawan bencana longsor. Mitigasi non-struktural yang dapat dilakukan dengan kebijakan intensif bantuan bagi kelompok rentan dan sosialisasi bencana di wilayah kerentanan tinggi, tindakan optimalisasi perlu dilakukan dengan dibentuknya kampung tangguh bencana pada kelurahan dengan kerentanan tinggi.
Kata Kunci : Mitigasi, Bencana Longsor, Kerentanan,Geospasial, Gunungpati

Landslides in the Gunungpati sub-district have been frequent in recent years. The potential magnitude of losses caused by landslides is highly influenced by the level of vulnerability in the affected areas especially if there are no proper disaster mitigation measures. This study aims to assess the level of vulnerability from the parameters of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptability to determine the total vulnerability level of landslides. Referring to the total vulnerability level obtained is combined with mitigation measures that need to be taken to reduce the level of vulnerability there. This landslide vulnerability study uses three parameters: exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capability. The approach used is the Climate Vulnerable Index (CVI) method. Analysis of the value of the level of vulnerability uses scoring with equal weight. Based on geospatial analysis, a map of vulnerability level was produced as the basis for an in-depth interview to analyze disaster mitigation efforts. The map of landslide vulnerability level shows that the Gunungpati sub-district is dominated by a high vulnerability level with a percentage of high vulnerability area of 51.48% and medium vulnerability of 48.52%. Mitigation strategy with spatial planning policy can be done through the affirmation of optimization of utilization function and spatial control to reduce landslide vulnerability level. Structural mitigation strategies that need to be carried out are the construction of slope retaining infrastructure, planting hard vegetation, procurement of landslide Early Warning System (EWS), installation of evacuation route signs, and relocation of settlements prone to landslides. Non-structural mitigation that can be carried out with intensive assistance policies for vulnerable groups and disaster socialization in high-vulnerability areas, optimization actions need to be carried out with the establishment of disaster-resilient villages in high-vulnerability urban villages.
Key Word : Mitigation, Landslide Disaster, Vulnerability, Geospasial, Gunungpati

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