PAMUNGKAS, GAGAS TRI (2022) ANALISIS STRUKTUR DAN KOMPOSISI SERTA TUTUPAN KANOPI MANGROVE DI KECAMATAN GENUK KOTA SEMARANG PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH (22ik136). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Diponegoro.

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Abstract

RINGKASAN
Gagas Tri Pamungkas, 260 401 171 401 19. Analisis Struktur Dan Komposisi
Serta Tutupan Kanopi Vegetasi Mangrove Di Kecamatan Genuk, Kota Semarang,
Provinsi Jawa Tengah (Nirwani Soenardjo dan Subagiyo).
Ekosistem mangrove adalah komunitas tumbuhan tropis yang tumbuh di
daerah pesisir dengan kemampuan adaptasi pada air bersalinitas tinggi yang
dipengaruhi pasang surut. Fungsi dan manfaat yang dimiliki ekosistem mangrove
sangat menguntungkan bagi kepentingan masyarakat luas. Namun, besarnya
potensi ekosistem mangrove juga diiringi dengan tekanan alam dan antropogeniks
yang besar, khususnya di Pantai Utara Jawa. Perlu adanya pemantauan dan
inventarisasi struktur dan komposisi serta tutupan kanopi hutan mangrove secara
komprehensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur dan komposisi
serta tutupan kanopi vegetasi mangrove yang ada di Kecamatan Genuk, Kota
Semarang, Provinsi Jawa Tengah.
Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Bulan Desember 2019 – Januari 2020.
Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kelurahan Trimulyo dan Terboyo Kulon, Kecamatan
Genuk, Kota Semarang, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Pengambilan data vegetasi
mangrove dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling dan plot sampling. Setiap
stasiun penelitian dilakukan tiga kali pengulangan dengan mengindentifikasi
spesies mangrove sesuai dengan ciri – ciri fisiologis berdasarkan buku panduan
identifikasi mangrove, setelah itu mengukur keliling setinggi dada atau ± 1,3 m
setiap individu pohon dan anakan (sapling) yang berada di dalam plot 10 m x 10 m.
Kategori semai (seedling) dihitung jumlah masing – masing spesies yang berada di
dalam plot penelitian. Tutupan kanopi mangrove dianalisis menggunakan metode
Hemispherical Photography yang merupakan suatu metode fotografi yang
menggunakan kamera dari bawah pohon untuk menghitung luasan tutupan kanopi
pohon. Luasan tutupan kanopi dianalisis menggunakan software ImageJ untuk
menghitung dua kontras warna putih menunjukkan langit dan hitam menunjukkan
kanopi mangrove.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi tegakan mangrove di
ekosistem mangrove Kecamatan Genuk, Semarang terdiri dari 2 jenis yaitu
Avicennia marina dan Rhizopora mucronata. Jenis Avicennia marina terdiri dari
pohon, anak pohon dan semai dengan rata-rata kerapatan pada kategori pohon
sebesar 1.633 ind/ha, sedangkan rata-rata kerapatan dengan jenis Rhizopora
mucronata sebesar 1.400 ind/ha. Avicennia marina dan Rhizopora mucronata
masing-masing memiliki kerapatan relatif sebesar 77,2% dan 22,8%. Hasil
perhitungan tutupan kanopi menunjukkan ekosistem mangrove Kecamatan Genuk
Kota Semarang memiliki tutupan sebesar 78-82,8 % tutupan ini masuk kategori
tutupan yang padat (baik).
Kata Kunci: Mangrove, Kecamatan Genuk, Kerapatan, Tutupan Kanopi,
Hemispherical Photography

SUMMARY
Gagas Tri Pamungkas, 260 401 171 401 19. Analysis of Structure and
Composition and Canopy Cover in Genuk District, Semarang City, Central Java
(Nirwani Soenardjo and Subagiyo).
Mangrove ecosystems are tropical plant communities that grow in coastal
areas with the ability to adapt to salinity water that affects tides. The functions
and benefits of the mangrove ecosystem are very beneficial for the wider
community. Unfortunately, the enormous potential of the mangrove ecosystem is
also accompanied by great natural and anthropological pressures, especially on
the North Coast of Java. There is a need for a comprehensive monitoring and
inventory of the structure and composition and canopy cover of mangrove forests.
This study aims to determine the structure and composition and canopy cover of
mangrove vegetation in Genuk District, Semarang City, Central Java Province.
This research was conducted in December 2019 – January 2020. This
research was conducted in Trimulyo and Terboyo Kulon Villages, Genuk District,
Semarang City, Central Java Province. Mangrove vegetation data was collected
using purposive sampling and plot sampling methods. Each research station was
carried out three times in a row by identifying mangroves according to the
characteristics based on the guidebook to know mangroves, after that measuring
the chest height or ± 1.3 m for each individual tree and child (sapling) in a 10 m x
10 m plot. The category of seedlings (seedlings) was calculated by the number of
each species in the research plot. Mangrove canopy cover was analyzed using the
Hemispherical Photography method, which is a photography method that uses a
camera from under the tree to calculate the tree canopy cover area. The canopy
cover area was analyzed using ImageJ software to calculate two contrasting white
colors showing the sky and black showing the mangrove canopy.
The results showed that the composition of mangrove stands in the
mangrove ecosystem of Genuk District, Semarang consisted of 2 types, namely
Avicennia marina and Rhizopora mucronata. Avicennia marina species consisted
of trees, saplings and seedlings with an average density of 1,633 ind/ha in the tree
category, while the average density for Rhizopora mucronata was 1,400 ind/ha.
Avicennia marina and Rhizopora mucronata had relative densities of 77.2% and
22.8%, respectively. The results of the canopy calculation show that the mangrove
ecosystem in Genuk District, Semarang City has a cover of 78-82.8%, this cover is
in the dense (good) cover category.
Keywords: Mangroves, Genuk District, Density, Canopy Cover, Hemispherical
Photography

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