PUTRO, Primadi Gayuh Laksono and Hadiyanto, Hadiyanto and Rahadian, Rully (2022) KAJIAN KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI KEDUNG JUMBLENG SEBAGAI TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI TAHU DAN PERILAKU MASYARAKAT DUSUN KRAJAN, MOJOSONGO, SURAKARTA. Masters thesis, School of Postgraduate Studies.

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Abstract

Makanan tahu merupakan makanan yang sangat merakyat di kalangan masyarakat Indonesia. Melihat banyaknya permintaan tahu membuat produksi tahu meningkat tajam sehingga meningkatkan limbah yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kualitas air Sungai Kedung Jumbleng, perilaku masyarakat, dan langkah langkah untuk mengendalikan pencemaran. Penelitian bertolak dari masalah/problem adanya penurunan kualitas air sungai Kedung Jumbleng yang di akibatkan oleh pembuangan limbah cair yang berasal dari industri pembuatan tahu, yang teridentifikasi melalui penelusuran pustaka atau pengamatan di lapangan yang dirumuskan dalam pertanyaan penelitian: (1) Bagaimana kualitas air sungai Kedung Jumbleng; (2) Bagaimana perilaku masyarakat di Dusun Krajan Mojosongo Surakarta dan (3) Bagaimana langkah- langkah untuk mengendalikan pencemaran.
Studi ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif metode kombinasi model (mix method) dengan pendekatan sequential explanatory design, serta menggunakan metode pengumpulan data penelitian dengan survei lapangan dan pemetaan serta uji laboratorium dengan parameter Suhu, pH , BOD, COD, DO, TSS, dan NH3. Teknik sampling yang digunakan purposive sampling. Analisis yang digunakan untuk mengetahui kualitas air dengan metode Indeks Pencemaran. Metode analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk mengetahui perilaku masyarakat dilihat dari aspek pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air sungai Kedung Jumbleng melebihi baku mutu di beberapa parameter kualitas air. Nilai Indeks Pencemaran untuk seluruh kelas air tercemar sedang. Hasil analisis perilaku masyarakat diketahui perilaku masyarakat di sekitar sungai Kedung Jumbleng memiliki aspek pengetahuan tinggi 55,1%, cukup 42,9%, dan hanya 2% yang memiliki pengetahuan rendah. Aspek sikap baik 26,6%, cukup baik 69,4%, dan buruk 4%. Aspek tindakan baik 53% dan kurang baik 47%. Strategi pengendalian pencemaran air di sungai Kedung Jumbleng dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan inventarisasi dan identifikasi sumber pencemar air sungai, meningkatkan pengelolaan limbah, menetapkan daya tampung beban pencemaran, meningkatkan pengetahuan dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan limbah, meningkatkan pengawasan terhadap pembuangan air limbah dan meningkatkan pemantauan kualitas air sungai.
Berdasarkan interpretasi hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa: (1) Kualitas air sungai Kedung Jumbleng saat ini tercemar sedang; (2)Perilaku masyarakat di dusun krajan mojosongo Surakarta cukup baik dilihat dari nilai aspek pengetahuan sikap dan tindakan, sehingga dapat direkomendasikan beberapa saran: (1) Diperlukannya pengawasan dan pemantauan lebih lanjut terhadap kualitas air sungai Kedung Jumbleng; dan (2) Meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan limbah.
Kata kunci: tahu, indeks pencemaran, perilaku masyarakat

Tofu is a very popular food among Indonesian people. Seeing the large demand for tofu makes tofu production increase sharply, thus increasing the waste generated. This study aims to determine how the water quality of the Kedung Jumbleng River, community behavior, and steps to control pollution. The study started from the problem/problem of a decrease in the water quality of the Kedung Jumbleng river caused by the disposal of liquid waste from the tofu- making industry, which was identified through literature searches or field observations formulated in research questions: (1) How is the water quality of the Kedung river? Jumble; (2) How is the behavior of the people in Krajan Mojosongo Hamlet, Surakarta and (3) What are the steps to control pollution.
This study is a descriptive study using a combination model method (mix method) with a sequential explanatory design approach, as well as using research data collection methods with field surveys and mapping and laboratory tests with parameters such as Temperature, pH, BOD, COD, DO, TSS, and NH3. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The analysis used to determine water quality is the Pollution Index method. Descriptive analysis method is used to determine people's behavior in terms of knowledge, attitudes and actions.
The results showed that the water quality of the Kedung Jumbleng river
exceeded the quality standard in several water quality parameters. Pollution Index value for all classes of moderately polluted water. The results of the analysis of community behavior show that the behavior of the people around the Kedung Jumbleng river has a high knowledge aspect of 55.1%, 42.9% is sufficient, and only 2% has low knowledge. Aspects of good attitude 26.6%, good enough 69.4%, and 4% bad. Aspects of good action 53% and less good 47%. Water pollution control strategies in the Kedung Jumbleng river can be carried out by increasing the inventory and identification of river water pollutant sources, improving waste management, determining the capacity of the pollution load, increasing community knowledge and participation in waste management, increasing supervision of waste water disposal and improving water quality monitoring. river.
Based on the interpretation of the research results, it can be concluded that: (1) The water quality of the Kedung Jumbleng river is currently moderately polluted; (2) The behavior of the community in the hamlet of Krajan Mojosongo Surakarta is quite good in terms of the value of the aspects of knowledge, attitudes and actions, so some suggestions can be recommended: (1) Further supervision and monitoring is needed on the water quality of the Kedung Jumbleng river; and (2) Increasing community participation in waste management.
Keywords: tofu, pollution index, community behavior

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