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BIOKONSENTRASI DAN SEBARAN MIKROBA PATOGEN SEBAGAI LANDASAN PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN TERCEMAR AIR BALLAST DI PELABUHAN TANJUNG EMAS SEMARANG

EL HUSNA, Iksiroh and Anggoro, Sutrisno and Sunoko, Henna Rya and Subagiyo, Subagiyo (2022) BIOKONSENTRASI DAN SEBARAN MIKROBA PATOGEN SEBAGAI LANDASAN PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN TERCEMAR AIR BALLAST DI PELABUHAN TANJUNG EMAS SEMARANG. Doctoral thesis, School of Postgraduate Studies.

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Abstract

Air ballast kapal yang dipergunakan sebagai stabilisator kapal saat tanpa muatan, telah memberi dampak negatif baik bagi kesehatan dan lingkungan bahkan menimbulkan kerugian secara ekonomi. Salah satunya yang diakibatkan oleh mikrobia patogen yang ada di dalamnya. Penelitian bertujuan (1) Mengkaji kandungan (jenis dan jumlah) mikrobia patogen pada air ballast dan pada perairan Pelabuhan Tanjung Emas Semarang (PTES), (2) Mengkaji luas penyebaran mikrobia patogen dari air ballast pada perairan PTES dan kandungan mikroba patogen dalam ikan dan kerang tangkap, (3) Mengidentifikasi faktor internal dan eksternal yang berpengaruh terhadap pengelolaan lingkungan dan 4) Merumuskan strategi pengelolaan lingkungan pada perairan PTES akibat cemaran air ballast. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif. Lokasi penelitian pada perairan PTES terbagi menjadi 7 stasiun yang mewakili semua kondisi yang ada di wilayah PTES dan 2 diantaranya adalah muara sungai yang terdapat di wilayah PTES yaitu Kali Banger dan muara Kali Baru.
Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mikroba pada air ballast tidak ada perbedaan dengan mikroba yang ada pada perairan PTES dan ikan. Pada sampel air ballast, perairan PTES dan ikan ditemukan bakteri V. cholerae, S. typhii, S. desenteriae, E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterococus intestinal, Stapylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtillis dan Actonibacter. Pada kerang ditemukan bakteri S. typhii, E. coli, E. intestinal dan B. subtillis. Pada penelitian ini juga ditemukan 2 jenis bakteri Vibrio yang belum pernah diinformasikan keberadaannya di perairan pantai Indonesia yaitu V. natriegens dan V. fortis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan sebaran mikrobia patogen tersebut, penelitian ini telah menyusun strategi pengelolaan berbasis struktural dan non struktural.
Kata Kunci: Air ballast, bakteri patogen, Pelabuhan Tanjung Emas Semarang

Ballast water, which is used as a ship stabilizer when it is not loaded, has a negative impact on health, the environment and even causes economic losses. One of them is caused by patogenic microbes in it. The objectives of the research are (1) to examine the content (type and number) of patogenic microorganisms in ballast water from ships that stop and discharge ballast water in the waters of the Tanjung Emas Port, Semarang (Port of Tanjung Emas Semarang/PTES), (2) to examine how far the spread of planktonic microorganisms from ballast water in the work environment Tanjung Emas Port, Semarang and how much patogenic microbial content is in captured fish and shellfish, (3) Identifying internal and external factors that affect environmental management and (4) Formulating a port environmental management strategy so as not to be affected by contamination of patogenic microorganisms from ballast water. This case study research was conducted using descriptive analytic method. The research location is the PTES waters which is divided into 7 research stations, namely based on considerations that represent all conditions that exist in the PTES area and 2 of them are river estuaries in the PTES area, namely Banger River, and Kali Baru estuary.
The results of the study showed that in ballast water, PTES waters, fish were found to have bacteria V. cholerae, S. typhii, S. desenteriae, E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterococus intestinal, Stapylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtillis and Actonibacter. In shellfish, only S. typhii, E. coli, E. intestinal and B. subtillis were found. This study also found 2 types of Vibrio bacteria that have never been confirmed to exist in Indonesian coastal waters, namely V. natriegens and V. fortis. Based on the results of the analysis and distribution of these patogenic microbes, this study has developed a structural and non-structural based management strategy.
Keywords: Ballast water, patogenic bacteria, Port of Tanjung Emas Semarang

Item Type: Thesis (Doctoral)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Air ballast, bakteri patogen, Pelabuhan Tanjung Emas Semarang
Subjects: Engineering
Divisions: Postgraduate Program > Doctor Program in Environmental Science
Depositing User: ekana listianawati
Date Deposited: 10 Nov 2022 03:37
Last Modified: 10 Nov 2022 03:37
URI: https://eprints2.undip.ac.id/id/eprint/9665

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