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ANALISIS KINERJA DAN EMISI GAS BUANG BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK KEMIRI SUNAN SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR TERBARUKAN

SUPRIYADI, Slamet and Purwanto, Purwanto and Hermawan, Hermawan and Anggoro, Didi Dwi (2021) ANALISIS KINERJA DAN EMISI GAS BUANG BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK KEMIRI SUNAN SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR TERBARUKAN. Doctoral thesis, School of Postgraduate Studies.

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Abstract

Kemiri Sunan merupakan salah satu alternatif bahan baku biodiesel, karena sifatnya yang terbarukan dan bukan merupakan bahan pangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis karakteristik fisika dan kimia biodiesel dari minyak Kemiri Sunan dan selanjutnya menganalisis kinerja dan emisi gas buang motor diesel yang menggunakan campuran minyak diesel dengan biodiesel Kemiri Sunan (B 10, B20, B 30). Proses transesterifikasi dilakukan dengan variabel prosentase katalis NaOH (0,25%; 0,5%; 0,75%; 0,1%), suhu reaksi (60oC dan 70oC), kecepatan pengadukan (325 RPM), waktu reaksi (60 menit). Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa prosentase katalis NaOH 1% dan suhu reaksi 60oC menghasilkan yield terbesar, sedangkan berapa parameter karakteristik biodiesel (angka asam, densitas, viskositas, angka setana, angka penyabunan, nilai kalor dan angka Iodine) telah memenuhi standar biodiesel SNI-04-7182-2015, kecuali viskositas yang pada beberapa variabel menunjukkan angka lebih besar dari standar. Hasil pengujian bahan bakar campuran biodiesel Kemiri Sunan diperoleh hasil bahwa penggunaan bahan bakar campuran minyak diesel dengan biodiesel diketahui menurunkan daya dari mesin pada semua jenis campuran, meningkatkan BSFC sedangkan torsi tidak menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan pada semuan jenis campuran biodiesel dibandingkan dengan minyak diesel. Emisi gas buang CO2, CO, Opasitas, HC menunjukkan emisi yang lebih rendah pada semua campuran biodiesel dibandingkan dengan minyak diesel, sedangkan emisi NOx lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan minyak diesel. Secara umum biodiesel dari minyak Kemiri Sunan perlu dipertimbangkan sebagai alternatif bahan baku biodiesel di Indonesia.
Kata Kunci: Kemiri Sunan, biodiesel, transestrifikasi, kinerja motor, emisi gas buang

Kemiri Sunan is an alternative raw material for biodiesel, because it is renewable and not edible. The purpose of this study was to analyze the physical and chemical characteristics of biodiesel from Kemiri Sunan oil and further analyze the performance and exhaust gas emissions of a diesel motor using a mixture of diesel oil and Kemiri Sunan biodiesel (B 10, B20, B 30). The transesterification process was carried out with a variable percentage of NaOH catalyst (0.25%; 0.5%; 0.75%; 0.1%), reaction temperature (60oC and 70oC), stirring speed (325 RPM), reaction time (60 minutes). The results showed that the percentage of 1% NaOH catalyst and a reaction temperature of 60oC produced the highest yield, while the characteristics of biodiesel (acid number, density, viscosity, cetane number, saponification number, heating value and Iodine number) met the biodiesel standard of SNI-04 -7182-2015, except for the viscosity which in some variables shows a number higher than the standard. The results of the Kemiri Sunan biodiesel blend showed that the blend of diesel oil and biodiesel fuel was known to reduce engine power in all types of blends, increasing BSFC while torque did not show any significant difference in all types of biodiesel blends compared to diesel oil. Exhaust emissions of CO2, CO, Opacity, HC showed lower emission on all biodiesel blends compared to diesel oil, while NOx emission was higher than those of diesel oil. In general, biodiesel from Kemiri Sunan oil needs to be considered as an alternative biodiesel feedstock in Indonesia.
Keywords: Kemiri Sunan, biodiesel, transestrification, engine performance, exhaust emissions.

Item Type: Thesis (Doctoral)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Kemiri Sunan, biodiesel, transestrifikasi, kinerja motor, emisi gas buang
Subjects: Engineering > Chemical Engineering
Divisions: Postgraduate Program > Doctor Program in Environmental Science
Depositing User: ekana listianawati
Date Deposited: 30 Aug 2022 05:00
Last Modified: 30 Aug 2022 05:00
URI: https://eprints2.undip.ac.id/id/eprint/7933

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