SUPRIYANTO, Supriyanto and Facta, Mochammad and Trihastuti, Nanik (2026) ANALISIS TITIK SAMBUNG METER TRANSAKSI BERDASARKAN ATURAN JARINGAN TAHUN 2020 DAN PERJANJIAN JUAL BELI LISTRIK PADA PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK SWASTA. Masters thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Penerbitan Peraturan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Nomor 20 Tahun 2020 tentang Aturan Jaringan Sistem Tenaga Listrik (Grid Code) memperkenalkan ketentuan baru mengenai titik sambung meter transaksi yang berbeda dari pengaturan dalam Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) pembangkit listrik swasta yang ditandatangani sebelum tahun 2020. Pada PLTU XYZ, PPA tahun 2011 menetapkan titik meter transaksi berada pada bay line Gardu Induk Tegangan Ekstra Tinggi 500 kV, sedangkan Grid Code 2020 mengatur pengukuran energi neto dilakukan setelah Generator Step-Up Transformer (GSUT). Perbedaan tersebut berpotensi memengaruhi perhitungan energi, biaya pemakaian sendiri (house load), serta mekanisme settlement antara Independent Power Producer (IPP) dan PT PLN (Persero). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implikasi teknis, ekonomi, dan hukum dari perbedaan titik sambung meter transaksi tersebut. Dalam kasus yang dianalisis, letak sambung meter transaksi yang akan dibandingkan adalah yang pertama berada di Bay Line GIS 500 kV dan yang kedua berada di HV Bushing Generator Step-up Transformer. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan campuran (mixed methods) melalui analisis data operasi pembangkit tahun 2024, simulasi aliran daya (load flow) menggunakan perangkat lunak ETAP, serta kajian terhadap ketentuan PPA dan Grid Code 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan titik meter transaksi menimbulkan rugi-rugi daya pada peralatan dan jaringan antara GSUT dan bay line, yang berdampak pada nilai energi transaksi dan biaya listrik pemakaian sendiri. Dari perspektif hukum, ketentuan dalam PPA tetap mengikat para pihak berdasarkan asas pacta sunt servanda, sehingga penerapan Grid Code 2020 memerlukan renegosiasi, amandemen kontrak, serta harmonisasi regulasi dan kontrak untuk menjamin kepastian hukum, keadilan komersial, serta keberlanjutan investasi dan operasi pembangkitan serta penyaluran.
Kata kunci: Grid Code 2020, Power Purchase Agreement, meter transaksi, house load, settlement, IPP

The issuance of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 20 of 2020 concerning the Electricity Grid Code introduced a new regulatory framework governing the location of revenue metering points, which may create potential inconsistencies with provisions stipulated in Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) executed prior to 2020. In the case of XYZ Coal-Fired Power Plant (CFPP), the 2011 PPA designates the revenue metering point at the 500 kV Extra High Voltage Substation (GIS) bay line, whereas the 2020 Grid Code requires net energy measurement to be performed downstream of the Generator Step-Up Transformer (GSUT). This discrepancy may significantly affect energy accounting, allocation of auxiliary power consumption (house load), and settlement mechanisms between Independent Power Producers (IPPs) and PT PLN (Persero). This study aims to evaluate the technical, economic, and legal implications arising from differences in revenue metering locations. Two metering configurations are comparatively assessed: (i) the 500 kV GIS bay line and (ii) the high-voltage bushing of the GSUT. A mixed-methods approach is employed, integrating operational data analysis from 2024 plant performance records, power flow simulations using ETAP software, and a comprehensive review of the relevant PPA provisions and the 2020 Grid Code. The findings indicate that variations in metering locations result in measurable electrical losses across equipment and network segments between the GSUT and the 500 kV bay line. These losses directly influence the transacted energy volume, revenue calculations, and the allocation of auxiliary power consumption costs. From a legal perspective, the PPA provisions remain binding upon the contracting parties under the principle of pacta sunt servanda. Consequently, the implementation of the 2020 Grid Code cannot automatically supersede pre-existing contractual arrangements and therefore necessitates contractual renegotiation, formal amendments, and regulatory–contractual harmonization. Such measures are essential to ensure legal certainty, equitable commercial treatment, and the long-term sustainability of power generation investment, operation, and transmission activities within the Indonesian electricity sector.
Keywords: Grid Code, Power Purchase Agreement, revenue metering, auxiliary power, energy settlement, Independent Power Producer

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