TAUFIK, Nur and Yulianto, Bambang and Andarani, Pertiwi (2026) ANALISIS PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH TAHU BAKSO BERBASIS CIRCULAR ECONOMY UNTUK PENINGKATAN NILAI TAMBAH DAN MITIGASI LINGKUNGAN (STUDI KASUS DI KOTA SEMARANG). Masters thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Industri tahu bakso di kawasan Gayamsari, Kota Semarang, beroperasi dengan kapasitas masif yang mengadopsi pendekatan ekonomi linier, sehingga memicu pencemaran lingkungan akut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik limbah, mengevaluasi potensi penerapan Circular Economy, dan merumuskan strategi pengelolaannya. Pendekatan mixed method dengan desain sekuensial eksploratori digunakan untuk menggabungkan uji laboratorium, valuasi ekonomi Contingent Valuation Method (CVM), Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), dan analisis kualitatif. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan limbah cair memiliki beban organik (BOD 124,88 mg/L; COD 161,63 mg/L). volume buangan yang masif tanpa adanya proses pengenceran (dilusi) di saluran permukiman warga telah memicu eutrofikasi perairan dan melampaui kapasitas asimilasi baku mutu perairan umum (PP No. 22/2021). Pencemaran ini menghasilkan eksternalitas negatif berupa defisit kesejahteraan masyarakat sebesar Rp 4.017.000 per bulan. Evaluasi LCA yang difokuskan pada kategori dampak eutrofikasi dan penggunaan air (water use) mengonfirmasi bahwa skenario sirkular dengan target 0 waste mampu mereduksi dampak ekologis secara signifikan. Valuasi ekonomi membuktikan bahwa transisi ini sangat sepadan (worth it) karena dapat menghapus kerugian finansial warga dan dikonversikan menjadi ekuivalensi Rupiah (Rp) berupa nilai tambah bagi industri, sejalan dengan keseimbangan Triple Bottom Line.
Kata Kunci: Tahu bakso, Limbah, Circular Economy, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Contingent Valuation Method (CVM), Triple Bottom Line

The tofu and meatball industry in the Gayamsari area of Semarang City operates at massive capacity, adopting a linear economic approach, thereby causing acute environmental pollution. This study aims to analyse the characteristics of the effluent, evaluate the potential for implementing a Circular Economy, and formulate management strategies. A mixed-methods approach with a sequential exploratory design was used to combine laboratory testing, economic valuation using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM), Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), and qualitative analysis. Test results indicate that the liquid waste has an organic load (BOD 124.88 mg/L; COD 161.63 mg/L) . However, the massive volume of effluent discharged without dilution into residents’ drainage systems has triggered water eutrophication and exceeded the assimilation capacity specified in the general water quality standards (Government Regulation No. 22/2021). This pollution results in negative externalities in the form of a welfare deficit for the community amounting to Rp 4,017,000 per month. An LCA evaluation focusing on the impact categories of eutrophication and water use confirms that a circular scenario with a ‘zero waste’ target is capable of significantly reducing ecological impacts. The economic valuation demonstrates that this transition is highly worthwhile as it eliminates financial losses for residents and translates into a Rupiah (Rp) equivalent in the form of added value for the industry, in line with the Triple Bottom Line.
Keywords: Tahu bakso, Waste, Circular Economy, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Contingent Valuation Method (CVM), Triple Bottom Line

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