MAS'UD, Mochamad Lutfi and Hidayat, Jafron Wasiq and Muhammad, Fuad (2026) ANALISIS SISTEM AGROFORESTRI DI KHDTK WANADIPA SEMARANG DALAM MENDUKUNG KONSERVASI KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI. Masters thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Kawasan Hutan Dengan Tujuan Khusus (KHDTK) Wanadipa Semarang memiliki fungsi strategis sebagai laboratorium alam, namun sistem agroforestri yang berjalan saat ini didominasi oleh tanaman berkayu dengan struktur sederhana yang membatasi daya dukung habitat bagi satwa liar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis struktur dan komposisi vegetasi agroforestri; (2) mengevaluasi tingkat keanekaragaman avifauna serta asosiasinya dengan vegetasi kunci; dan (3) merumuskan strategi pengayaan jenis (enrichment planting) yang adaptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain metode campuran (mixed-methods) dengan model sekuensial eksplanatoris. Data kuantitatif dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik nested plot dan point count, sementara data kualitatif diperoleh melalui analisis dokumen (RJP) dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil analisis Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) menunjukkan bahwa lanskap didominasi oleh Mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni) di Blok Riset dan Jati (Tectona grandis) di Blok Rehabilitasi, menandakan sistem agroforestri yang masih sederhana. Keanekaragaman avifauna tergolong sedang namun stabil (H' = 2,69; E = 0,83; D = 0,09), mencakup 26 spesies termasuk predator puncak yang dilindungi seperti Elang Jawa (Nisaetus bartelsi). Distribusi avifauna lebih dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan relung pakan dan tajuk fungsional dibandingkan tingkat kerapatan pohon semata. Berdasarkan sintesis Multi-Criteria Filtering, dirumuskan strategi pengayaan jenis dengan prinsip "3-Layak" (Layak Tumbuh, Layak Fungsi, dan Layak Rawat). Strategi ini merekomendasikan komposisi tanaman kehutanan murni (seperti Ficus spp., Lerak, Pule) untuk zona konservasi dan tanaman Multi-Purpose Tree Species (seperti Nangka, Mangga, Randu) untuk memfasilitasi kemitraan ekonomi dengan petani penggarap. Integrasi ini diharapkan mampu memulihkan kompleksitas ekosistem secara mandiri (self-sustaining) dan meminimalisir konflik sosial di kawasan KHDTK.
Kata kunci: agroforestri, avifauna, KHDTK Wanadipa, Multi-Criteria Filtering, pengayaan Jenis.

The Wanadipa Special-Purpose Forest Area (KHDTK) in Semarang serves a strategic function as a natural laboratory; however, the current agroforestry system is dominated by woody plants with a simple structure, which limits the habitat’s carrying capacity for wildlife. This study aims to: (1) analyse the structure and composition of agroforestry vegetation; (2) evaluate the level of avifaunal diversity and its association with key vegetation; and (3) formulate adaptive species enrichment planting strategies. This study employed a mixed-methods design with an explanatory sequential model. Quantitative data were collected using nested plot and point count techniques, whilst qualitative data were obtained through document analysis (RJP) and in-depth interviews. Analysis of the Importance Value Index (INP) revealed that the landscape is dominated by Mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni) in the Research Block and Teak (Tectona grandis) in the Rehabilitation Block, indicating a still-simple agroforestry system. Avifaunal diversity was classified as moderate but stable (H’ = 2.69; E = 0.83; D = 0.09), comprising 26 species including protected apex predators such as the Javan Hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi). Avifaunal distribution is more influenced by the availability of foraging niches and functional canopy cover than by tree density alone. Based on a Multi-Criteria Filtering synthesis, a species enrichment strategy was formulated using the ‘3-Suitable’ principle (Suitable for Growth, Suitable for Function, and Suitable for Maintenance). This strategy recommends a composition of pure forestry plants (such as Ficus spp., Lerak, Pule) for conservation zones and Multi-Purpose Tree Species (such as Jackfruit, Mango, Randu) to facilitate economic partnerships with smallholder farmers. This integration is expected to restore ecosystem complexity in a self-sustaining manner and minimise social conflicts within the KHDTK area.
Keywords: Agroforestry, Avifauna, KHDTK Wanadipa, Multi-Criteria Filtering, Species Enrichment.

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