Fadhillah, Surya (2026) ILLOCUTIONARY ACT AS THERAPEUTIC COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES IN THE TREATMENT OF EDWARD DANIELS’ SCHIZOPHRENIA IN SHUTTER ISLAND MOVIE (2010). Undergraduate thesis, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya.

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Abstract

Shutter Island (2010), directed by Martin Scorsese, tells the story of Edward
Daniels, whose real name is Andrew Laeddis, a former U.S. Marshal diagnosed
with schizophrenia who is undergoing treatment at Ashecliffe Hospital. During his
treatment, the hospital staff employs psychodrama strategies, using dialogue aimed
at helping him gradually accept the reality. This study used Searle and
Vanderveken’s (1985) theory of illocutionary acts and Siregar et al. (2021) for the
concept of therapeutic communication. Both frameworks were used to identify the
types of illocutionary acts that appeared in the interactions and how these utterances
functioned in Daniels’ treatment. A descriptive qualitative method was used to
analyse the utterances made by the hospital staff to Daniels. A total of 201
utterances were identified as containing illocutionary acts and having therapeutic
function. Their classification was as follows: assertive (115), directive (66),
expressive (13), and commissive (7); no declarations were found. Assertive acts
were the most frequently used for informing, reporting, and explaining. In terms of
therapeutic function, the utterances were categorized as troubleshooting (127),
building trust (55), and giving appreciation (8), with troubleshooting being the most
dominant strategy. These patterns are also divided into four phases, namely
engagement, exploration, confrontation, and confrontation again with Daniels’
acceptance. These four phases represent a progression in approaching Daniels, in
which he ends up accepting reality. This finding suggests that illocutionary acts can
serve as linguistic tools to guide a schizophrenia patient’s recovery while still
implementing other approaches.
Keywords: illocutionary acts; therapeutic communication; psychodrama; Shutter
Island; Edward Daniels

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