AMALIA, Andin Vita and Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih and Christwardana, Marcelinus (2026) PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR KELAPA SAWIT MENGGUNAKAN KONSORSIUM MIKROALGA SERTA KONTRIBUSINYA DALAM MITIGASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM. Doctoral thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Banyaknya industri kelapa sawit di Indonesia sehingga limbah yang dihasilkan juga banyak. Kandungan hara pada limbah tersebut adalah karbon organik (lemak, protein, dan karbohidrat), N,P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr gas metana, karbondioksida (CO2), amoniak (NH3). Salah satu cara mengolah limbah industri minyak kelapa sawit adalah dengan menggunakan mikroalga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi jenis konsorsium mikroalga dalam mengolah limbah cair kelapa sawit, menganalisis karakteristik konsorsium mikroalga dalam pertumbuhan sel dan efisiensi penghilangan polutan dan mengevaluasi kinerja konsorsium mikroalga dalam sistem Open Raceway Pond (ORP) dibandingkan skala laboratorium serta mengkuantifikasi kontribusi konsorsium melalui penyerapan karbon. Sampel yang digunakan adalah spesies Chlorella vulgaris, Nannochloropsis oculata dan Tetraselmis chuii. Ketiga spesies dibuat variasi konsorsium yakni Chlorella vulgaris dan Nannochloropsis oculata (CN), Nannochloropsis oculata dan Tetraselmis chuii (NT), Chlorella vulgaris dan Tetraselmis chuii (CT), serta Chlorella vulgaris, Nannochloropsis oculata dan Tetraselmis chuii (CNT) yang diberikan perlakuan variasi konsentrasi limbah 25%, 50% dan 75%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis konsorsium mikroalga CNT yang paling cocok untuk mengolah limbah cair kelapa sawit dengan jumlah sel mencapai 21x106 sel/mL. Konsorsium CNT dengan konsentrasi limbah 50% memiliki jumlah sel 29 x 106 sel/mL dengan efisiensi penurunan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) sebesar 78%, efisiensi penurunan Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) 73% dan efisiensi penurunan Total Suspended Solid (TSS) 66%. Kinerja konsorsium CNT dengan limbah 50% paling optimal pada ORP3 dan CNT 25% pada ORP200. Kontribusi konsorsium mikroalga terhadap mitigasi perubahan iklim mampu menyerap karbon sebesar 58,01 % pada ORP3 dan 51,88 % pada ORP200.
Kata kunci : limbah cair kelapa sawit, konsorsium mikroalga, ORP.

The large number of palm oil industries in Indonesia results in a large amount of waste. The nutrient content of this waste is organic carbon (lipid, protein, and carbohydrates), N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr, methane gas, Carbon Dioxide (CO2), ammonia (NH3). One way to process palm oil industrial waste is by using microalgae. The purpose of this study was to identify the type of microalgae consortium in processing palm oil liquid waste, analyze the characteristics of the microalgae consortium in cell growth and pollutant removal efficiency and evaluate the performance of the microalgae consortium in the Open Raceway Pond (ORP) system compared to the laboratory scale and quantify the contribution of the consortium through carbon sequestration. The samples used were the species Chlorella vulgaris, Nannochloropsis oculata and Tetraselmis chuii. The three species were made into consortium variations, namely Chlorella vulgaris and Nannochloropsis oculata (CN), Nannochloropsis oculata and Tetraselmis chuii (NT), Chlorella vulgaris and Tetraselmis chuii (CT), and Chlorella vulgaris, Nannochloropsis oculata and Tetraselmis chuii (CNT) which were given various waste concentration treatments of 25%, 50% and 75%. The results showed that the type of a CNT microalg consortium was most suitable for processing palm oil liquid waste with a cell number reaching 21 x106 cells/mL. The CNT consortium with 50% waste concentration has a cell count of 29 x 106 cells/mL with a reduction efficiency Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of 78%, a reduction efficiency of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) of 73% and a reduction efficiency of Total Suspended Solid (TSS) of 66%. The performance of the CNT consortium with 50% waste is most optimal at ORP3 and CNT 25% at ORP200. The contribution of the microalgae consortium to climate change mitigation is able to absorb carbon by 58.01% at ORP3 and 51.88% at ORP200.
Keywords: palm oil mill effluent, microalgae consortium,ORP.

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