HASSANA, Dauda Sanni and Hadisaputro, Suharyo and Sofro, Muchlis AU (2020) EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RISK FACTORS OF CEREBRAL TOXOPLASMOSIS IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS (A study in Kariadi Hospital, Semarang). Masters thesis, School of Postgraduate Studies.

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Abstract

Background: Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular obligate coccidian protozoan is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis. The parasite develops in immune-compromised hosts which include HIV/AIDS patients, pregnant women, and children. Epidemiological information on the risk factors of cerebral toxoplasmosis has not been established and subsequently not available.
Objective: To explain the various epidemiological risk factors for the occurrence of cerebral toxoplasmosis in HIV/AIDS patients in RSUP Dr. Kariadi, Semarang.
Methods: A case-control design with a retrospective approach was used in this study, comprising of 64 subjects (32 cases and 32 controls). Samples were determined by positive test for toxoplasma IgG for all HIV patients included in the study. Chi-square test and Logistic Regression was used for data analysis.
Result: The result from the multivariate analysis found that treatment failure (OR = 4.392, 95% CI = 1.268 - 15.210) as the significant risk factor for cerebral toxoplasmosis in HIV/AIDS patients. Other variables were all proven not to be risk factors for the occurrence of cerebral toxoplasmosis in HIV/AIDS patients.Death was significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (71.4% vs. 31.2%, p < 0.05). Patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis had a significantly higher risk of mortality when compared to those without it.
Conclusion: Treatment failure was the only factor found to be a risk factor for the occurrence of cerebral toxoplasmosis in HIV/AIDS patients.
Keywords: HIV/AIDS, Cerebral Toxoplasmosis, CD4, RSUP Dr. Kariadi

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