Aditama K.A.UDA, Subrata (2022) MODEL PENILAIAN ENERGI PADA PROYEK INFRASTRUKTUR. Doctoral thesis, UNDIP.

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Abstract

Global warming as well as extreme climate change is currently a real danger for the whole world. The high temperature changes are driven largely by increases in carbon dioxide and man-made emissions into the atmosphere. The commitment of the Indonesian government in an effort to reduce global warming is realized by reducing emissions by 29% in 2030 independently, while in collaboration with international parties by 41%. Strategies to reduce emissions must be implemented in all sectors including the construction sector which consumes 40% of energy globally and produces 1/3 of the world's greenhouse gas emissions. This fact shows the importance of reducing energy use in every construction activity by carrying out energy efficiency and optimization starting from the initiation phase, the design phase, the construction phase and the building operational phase.
This study aims to build an energy simulation model that is needed in order to support efforts to reduce energy and carbon emissions in construction projects based on Project Life Cycle (PLC). This study uses the IIA (Importance Implementation Analysis) method, SmartPLS SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) to obtain an assessment model. The model is built based on indicators of literature study results that are processed using the Delfi technique where the object of research data comes from members of the Green Building Council Indonesia (GBCI) and the Government as many as 89 respondents. The model is validated by performing simulations on several projects domiciled in Yogyakarta and Central Java.
The results showed that the energy assessment variables and indicators were divided into 4 stages based on the project cycle, namely the Initiation phase there were 2 factors with 11 indicators, the design phase consisted of 4 factors with 27 indicators, the construction phase contained 10 factors with 40 indicators, and the operational phase contained 2 factors with 10 indicators. The research analysis found a significant indicator relationship between the initiation phase, the design phase, the construction phase and the operational phase. This proves that reducing energy in a construction project must start from the initialization phase which will have an impact until the operational phase. Based on the simulation results show that the largest energy consumption and emissions of infrastructure projects occur in the Construction phase, which can reach above 60%, while the Operational phase reaches 30%, and the lowest in the Initiation and Design phase is less than 10%. The average value of the amount of energy and emissions in road projects is between 100 - 300 MJ / m2 and emissions ranging from 5 - 20 KgCO2e / m2, while the bridge projects are between 1000 - 2500 MJ / m2 with emissions ranging from 100 - 200 KgCO2e / m2 with efficiency of the average economic value is 10 - 25% for road projects and 5 - 7% for bridge projects. These findings prove that applying the Energy Assessment Model Infrastructure Project (EAMIP) as an investment and evaluation tool in construction projects can reduce the amount of energy consumption and emissions that have an impact on cost efficiency during the project life cycle.

Keywords: Energy, emission, economic value, project life cycle, infrastructure projects.

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