WAHYUDI, Pribadi Agung and Purwanto, Purwanto and Putranto, Thomas Triadi (2021) STABILITAS DAYA DUKUNG LAHAN LINGKUNGAN BERBASIS KARAKTERISTIK GEOLOGI TEKNIK DI KOTA SEMARANG. Doctoral thesis, School of Postgraduate Studies.

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Abstract

Stabilitas daya dukung lahan menjadi salah satu faktor penentu utama daya dukunglingkungan hidup. Stabilitas daya dukung lahan dipengaruhi keadaan dan karakteristik sumber daya dalam ruang/lahan/wilayah, disebut kapasitas penyediaan. Kapasitas penyediaandalam hal daya dukung lahan untuk alokasi pemanfaatan ruangditentukan dari stabilitas massa tanah pembentuk hamparan lahan yakni karakteristik geologi teknik tanah. Fenomena yang nyata terjadi penyebab gagalnyadaya dukung lahan adalah amblesan lahan, baik akibat rekayasa maupun alami. Amblesan lahan adalah proses yang terjadi pada lahan/tanah yang mengalami tegangan akibat beban,terjadi regangan di dalam kerangka butir butir tanah. Sering dijumpai fenomenaberindikasi kegagalan daya dukung lahan: penurunan lahan/amblesan, kegagalan bangunan infrastruktur.Hal demikian yang mendasari dilakukan penelitian ini.
Penelitian dilakukan di Kota Semarang yang secara geografis terletak di antara 6°50' –7°10' LS dan 109°50' – 110°35' BT terletak di kawasan pantai utara pulau Jawa. Penelitian dengan pengeboran, sondir pada titik uji tersebar di wilayah Kota Semarang.Sampeltanah dari bor dianalisis di laboratorium untuk mengetahui parameter karakteristik tanah. Dari analisis pengujian lapangan dan laboratorium didapat sebaran data parameter sifat diberbagai lokasi titik uji.
Dari penelitian inidiperoleh nilai daya dukung lahan lingkungan yang diperbolehkan/ diijinkan di Kota Semarang, yaitu berapa beban maksimum yang mampu ditahan lahan tanpa terjadi kegagalan daya dukung lahan. Juga dapat menentukan besar penurunan tanah yang diijinkan dan berapa lama waktu penurunan akan terjadi yang masih dalam batas daya dukung lahan stabil.Kisaran daya dukung lahan lingkungan di Kota Semarang adalah 0,201 kg/cm2 – 14,248 kg/cm2, kisaranan penurunan adalah 0 cm – 247,728 cm, kisaran waktu penurunan 0 tahun – 5,147 tahun. Selanjutnya dapat disusun grafik korelasi nilai besaran Daya Dukung Lahan Lingkungan – Penurunan/Amblesan – Waktu Penurunan menurut zona klasifikasi material lahan Kota Semarang meliputi zona lempung, lanau, lanau pasir dan pasir. Berdasarkan data stabilitas daya dukung lahan dan zonasi material lahan maka dapat disusun Peta Geologi Teknik Daya Dukung Lahan Lingkungan Kota Semarang pada kedalaman 2,5 meter; 5,0 meter; 7,5 meter; dan 10,0 meter. Peta tersebut dapat bermanfaat untuk evaluasi tata ruang, panduan rekayasa, dan penelitian dalam perspektif lingkungan di Kota Semarang.
Kata kunci : peta geologi teknik daya dukung lahan lingkungan, daya dukung lahan lingkungan, penurunan lahan, waktu penurunan, zona material

The stability of the bearing capacity of the land is one of the main determinants of the carrying capacity of the environment. The stability of the bearing capacity of the land is influenced by the conditions and characteristics of the resources inland. It is called the supply capacity. The supply capacity in terms of the bearing capacity of the land for space utilization allocation is determined from the stability of the soil mass forming the land, namely engineering geology characteristics of the soil. The real phenomenon that causes the land bearing capacity to fail is land subsidence, both engineering and natural causes. Land subsidence is a process that occurs on land that is subjected to stress due to loads, which is the strain that occurs within the grain frame of the soil. The phenomena that indicate the failure of the bearing capacity of the land i.e. land subsidence and failure of infrastructure buildings. It is what underlies this research.
The research was conducted in the Semarang city, which is geographically located between 6° 50'- 7° 10' South Latitude and 109° 50'- 110° 35' East Longitude. It is located on the north coast of Java Island. This research was conducted by using the drilling and penetration test, with the Dutch Cone Penetrometer used to analyze the strata of the soil layer at all test points spread in Semarang city and compiled a map of soil types zone. Undisturbed soil samples from drilling were analyzed in the laboratory to determine the physical properties of soil parameters. The results are used to analyze the distribution of the land stability based on indicators of land bearing capacity, subsidence, and duration of decline.
Further, it can obtain the value of the environmental land bearing capacity that is permitted in Semarang city. It is the maximum load that the land can hold without failing the bearing capacity of the land. It can also determine the allowable land subsidence and how long it will take for subsidence to occur which is still within the stable bearing capacity of the land. The range of bearing capacity of environmental land in Semarang City is 0.201 kg/cm2 - 14.248 kg/cm2, the range of decline is 0 cm - 247.728 cm, the range of decline time is 0 years - 5.147 years. Furthermore, a correlation graph can be drawn up for the value of the bearing capacity of the land environment - subsidence – duration of decline according to the land material classification zone in the Semarang city, including zones of clay, silt, silt-sand, and sand. Based on the data on the stability of the bearing capacity of the land and the zoning of land materials, a Geological Engineering Map for the Environmental Bearing Capacity of Semarang City can be prepared at a depth of 2.5 meters; 5.0 meters; 7.5 meters; and 10.0 meters. The map can be useful for spatial evaluation, engineering guidance, and research from an environmental perspective in Semarang city.
Keywords: map of engineering geology and the environmental land bearing capacity, environmental land bearing capacity, land subsidence, duration of the decline, materials zone

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