Riyanto, Teguh and Istadi, Istadi and Buchori, Luqman and Anggoro, Didi Dwi and Nandiyanto, Asep Bayu Dani (2020) Plasma-Assisted Catalytic Cracking as an Advanced Process for Vegetable Oils Conversion to Biofuels: A Mini Review. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 59 (40). pp. 17632-17652. ISSN 1520-5045

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Abstract

As energy demands increase and fossil fuels resources decrease, a renewable energy must be developed to supply energy demand. Biofuels from vegetable oils has great potential to help supply that energy demand, since biofuels is renewable energy. Biofuels from vegetable oils can be produced through the cracking process of vegetable oils. In this paper, a comprehensive mini review on cracking processes using advanced technologies, especially plasma-assisted catalytic cracking, was reported. The catalytic cracking is the most developed process,because of high selectivity in biofuels production, by introducing base and/or acid catalysts. The latest advanced cracking process technology is plasma-assisted catalytic cracking in addition to microwave-assisted cracking process. Plasma discharge has an important role in assisting electron excitation in the covalent bond of reactant molecules, i.e., breaking C–C, C═C, etc., so that the cracking process can be conducted easily. Several plasma reactor designs have been proposed by previous researchers; however, the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor is the most preferred design. Several process parameters that affected the DBD plasma reactor performance, such as discharge gap, feed flow rate, applied voltage, presence of catalysts, and reactor temperature, were addressed. Even though the plasma-assisted catalytic cracking show high potential alternative technology in vegetable oil conversion to biofuels, several drawbacks, which are addressed in this paper, must be considered in the cracking process. Therefore, this mini review is expected to bring the researcher’s mindset to innovate the cracking process to be efficient as possible.

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