Yuliana, Valencia Putri (2026) CAUSAL AND RESISTANT MECHANISMS AGAINST PATRIARCHY PORTRAYED IN THE MAIN CHARACTER EDNA PONTELLIER IN KATE CHOPIN’S NOVEL THE AWAKENING. Undergraduate thesis, Faculty Of Humanities.

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Abstract

This research thesis discusses causal and resistant mechanisms against patriarchy portrayed in the main character in Kate Chopin’s novel The Awakening. This narrative remains significant as it mirrors the enduring conflict between individual autonomy and societal expectations of motherhood. While previous scholarship has explored the main character, Edna Pontellier, through various feminist lenses, there is a lack of research specifically applying Betty Friedan’s concept of the feminine mystique to examine the systemic roots of her oppression. Therefore, this study aims to identify the specific causal mechanisms of patriarchy Edna encounters and to describe her resistences against them. The writer employs a library research method, utilizing Friedan’s Liberal Feminism theory as an analytical tool to examine the novel. The findings reveal that Edna faces distinct patriarchal barriers categorized into four causal mechanisms: cultural ideological production, economic dependence, institutional channeling, and psychologization. Her resistance operates through a mechanism of internal awakening, recognizing the problem that has no name which evolves into an external rebellion through her art and spatial independence. Ultimately, this research underscores that Edna’s journey is a profound struggle for self-definition against a system designed to limit female identity.
Keywords: The Awakening, Kate Chopin, Liberal Feminism, Betty Friedan, Patriarchy.

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