SIAHAAN, YEFTA OLIVIA (2023) KERAGAMAN MORFOMETRIKKERANG DARAH Anadara granosa (LINNAEUS, 1758) DI PESISIR UTARA JAWA TENGAH (23dik281). Undergraduate thesis, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK
(Yefta Olivia Siahaan. 260 201 161 301 25. Keragaman MorfometrikKerang Darah Anadara granosa (LINNAEUS, 1758) di Pesisir Utara JawaTengah. (Chrisna Adhi Suryono dan Retno Hartati)
Kerang darah Anadara granosa merupakan salah satu produk yang banyak dimanfaatkan di Pesisir Utara Jawa Tengah sebagai sumber makanandan hiasan. Eksploitasi secara simultan tanpa adanya alternatif dan regulasi terpadu akan mengancam penurunan stok alami dari spesies ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman morfometrik, pola pertumbuhan danukuran layak tangkap serta layak dagang Anadara granosa di Pesisir UtaraJawa Tengah. Objek pada penelitian ini adalah Anadara granosa yang berasal dari empat wilayah berbeda, yaitu Jepara (131 individu), Demak (150 individu), Semarang (109 individu) dan Kendal (105 individu). Karakter morfometrikyang diukur adalah panjang cangkang (PC), lebar cangkang (LC), tebal cangkang (TC), berat basah daging (BB) dan berat total individu (BT). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dan lokasi penelitian ditentukan berdasarkan purposive sampling method. Analisis yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini meliputi analisis koefisienkeragaman (KK), analisis pola pertumbuhan (hubungan panjang-berat dan uji lanjut berupa uji-t, rasio berat daging/berat total) dan penentuan ukuran layaktangkap (berdasarkan klasifikasi kelas ukuran panjang dan berat). Hasil padapenelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keragaman morfometri populasi Anadaragranosa di wilayah Kendal memiliki nilai keragaman tertinggi pada setiapkarakter morfometrik, yakni 13,23% (LC), 8,52% (TC), 21,80%(BT) dan33,78% (BB) terhadap karakter Panjang Cangkang. Pada analisis polapertumbuhan hubungan panjang-berat, seluruh sampel menunjukkan indikasi pola pertumbuhan alometrik negatif. Indikasi ini dibuktikan melalui uji lanjutan uji-t, dimana pola pertumbuhan pada seluruh wilayah pengamatanadalah alometrik negatif. Keterkaitan antar karakter morfometrik dijelaskanberdasarkan nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) dengan nilai R2 > 0,81 atausebesar 81% pada seluruh wilayah. Pada perhitungan rasio berat daging-berat total, seluruh sampel menunjukkan persentase 22% - 34%, hal ini mengindikasi bahwa pada individu di semua interval kelas memiliki bobot daging minimal 22%-34% dari berat total tubuhnya. Berdasarkan klasifikasi data panjang danbobot tubuh, sebagian besar individu merupakan kerang berukuran sedang. Persentase jumlah kerang pada klasifikasi panjang-bobot tubuh mencapai 79%pada kelas panjang sedang (panjang rata-rata 23,70 mm) dan 55%pada kelas berat sedang (berat rata-rata 5,92 gr). Hal ini mengindikasi bahwa tekananpopulasi terjadi di setiap wilayah pengamatan akibat penangkapan yangdilakukan pada saat kerang darah baru saja memasuki fase matang gonad. Apabila terjadi secara terus menerus, ketiadaan regulasi yang mengatur ukuranlayak tangkap akan mengancam ketersediaan stok alami di alam.
Kata kunci: Anadara granosa, Morfometri, Hubungan Panjang-Berat, RasioBerat Daging/Berat Total, Pesisir Utara Jawa Tengah.

ABSTRACT
Yefta Olivia Siahaan . 260 201 161 301 25. Morphometric Variations of Blood Clams Anadara granosa (LINNAEUS, 1758) in the Northern Coast of Central Java. (Chrisna Adhi Suryono and Retno Hartati)
Anadara granosa blood clam is a product that is widely used on the NorthCoast of Central Java as a source of food and decoration. Simultaneousexploitation in the absence of alternatives and integrated regulation will threatenthe decline of the natural stocks of this species. This study aims to determine themorphometric diversity, growth pattern and size suitable for catching and tradingof Anadara granosa in the North Coast of Central Java. The objects in this studywere Anadara granosa which came from four dif erent regions, namely Jepara(131 individuals), Demak (150 individuals), Semarang (109 individuals) andKendal (105 individuals). The morphometric characters of Anadara granosameasured were shell length (PC), shell width (LC), shell thickness (TC), wet weight of meat (BB) and total individual weight (BT). This study uses adescriptive method through a quantitative approach. Meanwhile, the researchlocation was determined based on the purposive sampling method. The analysiscarried out in this study included analysis of the coef icient of diversity (KK), analysis of growth patterns (length-weight relationship and advanced tests intheform of t-test, ratio of meat weight/total weight) and determination of size suitablefor capture (based on class classification of length and weight ). The results of this study indicate that the morphometric diversity of the Anadara granosapopulation in the Kendal region has the highest diversity value for eachmorphometric character, namely 13.23% (shell width), 8.52%(shell thickness), 21.80% (total weight) and 33.78% (Wet Weight) for the Long Shell character. Inthe analysis of growth patterns using the length-weight relationship, all samplesindicated a negative allometric growth pattern. This indication is proven througha follow-up test in the form of a t-test, where the growth pattern in all observationareas is negative allometric. The significance of the relationship betweenmorphometric characters is explained based on the value of the coef icient of determination (R2). All observation areas have an R2 value > 0.81 or 81%. Incalculating the ratio of meat weight to total weight, the entire observationareashows a percentage of 22% - 34%, this indicates that each individual in all classintervals has a meat weight of at least 22% -34% of the total body weight. Basedon the data classification of body length and body weight, most of the individualsare medium-sized clams. The percentage of the number of clams in the mediumlength classification reached 79% (average shell length 23.70 mm) and55%(average weight 5.92 g). This indicates that population pressure occurred ineachobservation area due to capture made when the blood cockle had just enteredthegonad maturity phase. If this happens continuously, the absence of regulationsgoverning the proper size for catching will threaten the availability of natural stocks in nature.
Keywords: Anadara granosa, Morphometric, Length-Weight Relationship, Meat Weight/Total Weight Ratio, North Coast of Central Java.

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