ASTUTI, Widi and Purwanto, Purwanto and Damanhuri, Enri (2015) POLA ALIRAN DAN PERILAKU MASYARAKAT TERHADAP LIMBAH ELEKTRONIK (E WASTE) DARI RUMAH TANGGA SERTA STRATEGI PENGELOLAANNYA DI KOTA SEMARANG. Doctoral thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Peningkatan pemakaian barang-barang elektronik mempercepat pertumbuhan limbah elektronik (E Waste)yang dihasilkan. Sementara dalam komponen penyusun peralatan elektronik mengandung bahan beracun dan berbahaya (B3). Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi pola aliran dan perilaku masyarakat terhadap E Waste serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi serta strategi pengelolaan yang dapat diterapkan di Kota Semarang. Sasaran penelitian adalah masyarakat yang tinggal di Kota Semarang dengan pemilihan sampel berdasarkan Propotional Cluster Area dan strata status ekomoni dengan penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan rumus Slovin. Sektor informal sebagai sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah jasa servis, pedagang secondhand, pengepul dan pengolah. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisa perilaku dan faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi menggunakan analisa jalur (Path Ways Analysis) Hasil penelitian diperoleh empat diagram aliran E Waste di Kota Semarang yaitu diagram aliran E Waste komputer, aliran E Waste andphone dan aliran E Waste kulkas, mesin cuci dan AC serta aliran E Waste televisi. Berdasarkan analisis jalur diperoleh persepsi terhadap E Waste dipengaruhi oleh pendidikan, pengetahuan terhadap E Waste, pandangan terhadap kualitas lingkungan dan pertimbangan pembelian. Sementara sikap dipengaruhi oleh pendidikan, persepsi terhadap E Waste dan pandangan terhadap kualitas lingkungan. Persepsi, sikap, pendidikan, pengetahuan, kebutuhan, pertimbangan pembelian, dan kemampuan ekonomi secara keseluruhan bersama – sama berpenagruh terhadap perilaku responden terhadap E Waste dengan besar pengaruh R square = 0.332 =33.2%, sehingga berpengaruh cukup kuat.
Strategi pengelolaan E Waste dengan Extended Producers Responsibility (EPR) yang telah dimodifikasi dapat diterapkan dalam penanganan E Waste di Kota Semarang. Sektor informal sebagai salah satu sektor yang sangat berperan dalam daur ulang E Waste dengan stakeholder lain (pemerintah, produsen, orgnisasi lingkungan) bekerjasama untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan E Waste di Kota Semarang.
Kata kunci :E Waste, Extended ProducersResponsibility, sektor informal

Technological developments in Indonesia has been increased rapidly, resulting in consumption of electonic devices increasing. As a consequence, electronic waste (E Waste) generation has been accelerating. The components of electronic equipment contain toxic and hazardous materials (B3), such as heavy metals and anorganic components, so need special treatment. But in fact the E Wastewas not found in the final disposal site (TPA) due to the flow of E Waste in the community. The objective of this study was to identify flow patterns and behavior towards E Waste and any factors that influence this behavior and strategic management that can be applied in the city of Semarang. The subjects are the people who live in the city of Semarang with sample selection based on proportional Cluster Area and economic status strata by determining the number of minimal samples using the Slovin formula. The informal sector as a sample in this study is the service unit, secondhand dealers, collectors and dismantlers. The method used to analyze the behavior and its factors was path analysis (Ways Path Analysis) and the data was processed with SPSS software version 20 and MS Excel. The results were E waste flow diagram of computers, mobile phones and E Waste flow of refrigerator, washing machine and air conditioning, E waste flow of television. Based on path analysis of the behavior of E Waste influenced by perceptions and attitudes towards E Waste and education variables. Perceptions of E Waste influenced by education, knowledge of the E Waste, views on environmental quality and purchase consideration. While attitudes are influenced by education, perception of E Waste and views on environmental quality. E Waste management strategy with EPR (Extended Producers Responsibility) that has been modified can be applied in the handling of E Waste in Semarang. The informal sector as one of the sectors that was instrumental in E Waste recycling with other stakeholders (government, manufacturers, environmental society together) work together to solve problems E Waste in Semarang. The informal sectorasone of the sectorsthat was instrumental in EWaste recycling together with manufacturers, government andpartners (media information providers, donors and environmental organizations) to solve the problems of EWaste in Semarang.
Key word :E Waste, Extended ProducersResponsibility, informal sector

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