MORIN, Ciana Magdalena and Muhammad, Fuad and Maryono, Maryono (2023) STRATEGI PENGENDALIAN DAMPAK KEGIATAN PERIKANAN BUDIDAYA KARAMBA JARING APUNG TERHADAP KUALITAS PERAIRAN DANAU SENTANI KABUPATEN JAYAPURA. Masters thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Danau Sentani merupakan salah satu ekosistem terbesar di Provinsi Papua yang memiliki berbagai fungsi di dalam masyarakat, seperti fungsi ekologi, ekonomi, pariwisata dan transportasi. Danau Sentani diperkirakan telah mengalami pencemaran dan kerusakan karena aktivitas di sekitar danau diantaranya karena rusaknya sempadan dan daerah tangkapan air, berkurangnya fauna endemik dan penurunan kualitas air yang diakibatkan oleh pemukiman penduduk, transportasi, pertanian, pertambangan dan kegiatan perikanan budidaya karamba jaring apung (KJA). Perkembangan budidaya KJA di perairan Kampung Asei Kecil berdampak pada penurunan kualitas perairan akibat limbah budidaya KJA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kualitas perairan, status pencemaran perairan, mengkaji faktor penyebab dampak KJA dan menganalisis strategi pengendalian budidaya KJA. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan kualitas air insitu dan eksitu, wawancara kepada pembudidaya dan responden dari instansi teknis terkait menggunakan kuesioner. Metode indeks pencemaran (IP) digunakan untuk menentukan status kualitas air dan tingkat pencemaran air, metode analisis MCA digunakan untuk mencari hubungan fakor penyebab dampak KJA terhadap IP dan analisis SWOT untuk menentukan strategi pengendalian KJA.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa parameter TSS, kecerahan, COD dan phospat tidak memenuhi baku mutu kualitas air kelas I. Sedangkan untuk status mutu air termasuk dalam kategori tercemar sedang dengan nilai IP antara 5,553 sampai 8,605. Faktor-faktor budidaya KJA yang mempengaruhi kualitas air adalah pelatihan pembudidaya dan jumlah petak KJA. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan strategi melalui upaya pengendalian pencemaran dan kerusakan lingkungan, penambahan frekuensi pemantauan kualitas air, pembangunan IPAL, peningkatan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan pembudidaya dan penetapan zonasi KJA.
Keywords: budidaya KJA, strategi pengendalian pencemaran, kualitas air, Danau Sentani.

Sentani Lake in Papua Province is a vast ecosystem with diverse functions in society, encompassing ecological, economic, tourism, and transportation aspects. Unfortunately, the lake has been polluted and degraded due to human activities in its
vicinity, causing the destruction of riparian and water catchment areas, decline in endemic wildlife, and deterioration of water quality due to human settlements, transportation, agriculture, mining, and the practice of floating net cage cultivation (known as KJA). The growth of KJA cultivation in Asei Kecil Village has particularly contributed to the decline in water quality as the consequence of its waste. This study was performed to assess the water quality, determine the status of water pollution, investigate the factors influencing the impact of KJA, and propose feasible strategies for controlling KJA cultivation. This research employed in-site and ex-site water quality analysis. Questionnaires were distributed to cultivators and relevant technical agencies and interviews were also conducted. The Pollution Index (IP) was employed to evaluate the water quality and pollution levels. Meanwhile, the relationship between KJA impacts and influencing factors were analyzed using MCA.
In addition, SWOT analysis was also used to formulate effective KJA control strategies.
The findings revealed that water quality parameters of TSS, brightness, COD and phosphate does not meet class I water quality standards. Whereas, the air quality
status was classified as moderately polluted, with an IP value ranging from 5,553 to 8,605. The cultivation factors that influence air quality in KJA include aquaculture trainers and the number of KJA plots. Thus, it is essential to implement a strategy with pollution control and environmental damage, increasing the frequency of water quality monitoring, constructing wastewater treatment plants, enhancing knowledge and skills in aquaculture, and establishing KJA zoning.
Keywords: KJA cultivation, pollution control strategy, water quality, Sentani Lake

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