OKTAVIANA LIM, Tereja and Sutiningsih, Dwi and Adi, M. Sakundarno (2023) FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI PADA REMAJA DI KOTA MAKASSAR (Studi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Paccerakkang dan Puskesmas Sudiang). Masters thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Latar belakang: Hipertensi banyak diderita oleh penduduk usia lanjut namun remaja dapat mengalami hipertensi. Remaja dikatan hipertensi jika tekanan darah sistolik atau diastolik persentil >95mmHg. Tingginya kasus hipertensi pada remaja tidak terlepas dari rendahnya kesadaran remaja mengenai faktor pemicu terjadinya hipertensi.
Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis beberapa faktor risiko kejadian hipertensi pada remaja di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Paccerakkang dan Puskesmas Sudiang.
Metode: Jenis penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain case control. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua remaja di kecamatan Biringkanaya. Sampelnya meliputi remaja yang tinggal di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Paccerakkang dan Puskesmas Sudiang. Jumlah responden sebanyak 200 sampel yang terdiri dari 100 kasus dan 100 kontrol. Cara pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Analisis data secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat dengan metode regresi logistic.
Hasil penelitian: Menunjukan faktor risiko kejadian hipertensi pada remaja adalah pola tidur (p-value <0,001; OR=6,015; 95%CI= 2,228-15,850), pengetahuan (p-value=0,003; OR=5,542; 95%CI= 1,789-17,165), riwayat keluarga hipertensi (p-value=0,001; OR=4,445; 95%CI= 1,812-10,900), status obesitas (p-value=0,004; OR=3,968; 95%CI=1,533-10,266), konsumsi coto Makassar (p-value=0,011; OR=3,594; 95%CI= 1,335-9,674). Untuk hasil uji regresi logistic menunjukan kemungkinan remaja berisiko hipertensi jika memiliki pola tidur buruk, pengetahuan rendah, adanya riwayat keluarga hipertensi, obesitas, dan sering konsumsi coto Makassar berpeluang sebesar 81,66%.
Kesimpulan: Faktor yang terbukti merupakan faktor risiko adalah pola tidur, pengetahuan, riwayat keluarga hipertensi, status obesitas, konsumsi coto Makassar.
Bagi puskesmas paccerakkang dan puskesmas sudiang disarankan untuk melakukan penyuluhan pencegahan hipertensi kepada remaja serta bekerja sama dengan UKS setiap sekolah untuk memberikan edukasi tentang hipertensi pada remaja dan rutin melakukan cek kesehatan.
Kata kunci: Hipertensi, Remaja, Faktor risiko

Background: Hypertension is mostly suffered by the elderly population but adolescents can experience hypertension. Adolescents develop hypertension if systolic or diastolic percentile blood pressure is >95mmHg. The high cases of hypertension in adolescents cannot be separated from the low awareness of adolescents about the trigger factors for hypertension.
Objective: To analyze several risk factors for hypertension in adolescents in the Working Area of Paccerakkang Health Center and Sudiang Health Center.
Method: Type of observational analytical research with case control design. The population in this study was all adolescents in Biringkanaya sub-district. The sample included adolescents living in the Working Area of Paccerakkang Health Center and Sudiang Health Center. The number of respondents was 200 samples consisting of 100 cases and 100 controls. The sampling method uses a simple random sampling technique. Data analysis is univariate, bivariate, and multivariate with logistic regression method.
The results of the study: showed that the risk factor for hypertension in adolescents was sleep pattern (p-value <0.001; OR=6.015; 95%CI= 2.228-15.850), knowledge (p-value=0.003; OR=5,542; 95%CI= 1.789-17.165), family history of hypertension (p-value=0.001; OR=4.445; 95%CI= 1.812-10.900), obesity status (p-value=0.004; OR=3.968; 95%CI=1.533-10.266), Makassar coto consumption (p-value=0.011; OR=3,594; 95%CI= 1.335-9.674). For the results of the logistic regression test, it shows the possibility of adolescents at risk of hypertension if they have poor sleep patterns, low knowledge, a family history of hypertension, obesity, and frequent consumption of Makassar coto has a chance of 81.66%.
Conclusion: Factors that are proven to be risk factors are sleep patterns, knowledge, family history of hypertension, obesity status, consumption of coto Makassar. For Puskesmas Paccerakkang and Puskesmas Sudiang, it is recommended to conduct counseling on hypertension prevention to adolescents and collaborate with UKS in each school to provide education about hypertension in adolescents and routinely conduct health checks.
Keywords: hypertension, adolescents, risk factors.

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