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SIMULASI PROSES PIROLISIS LIMBAH KELAPA MENGGUNAKAN PERANGKAT LUNAK ASPEN PLUS

HASAN, Muhammad Syukri and Widayat, Widayat and Suedy, Sri Widodo Agung (2023) SIMULASI PROSES PIROLISIS LIMBAH KELAPA MENGGUNAKAN PERANGKAT LUNAK ASPEN PLUS. Masters thesis, UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Luas area pekebunan kelapa di Provinsi Maluku Utara yaitu sebesar 202.796 Ha. Total limbah kelapa tempurung kelapa (TK) dan sabut kelapa (SK) yang dihasilkan kurang lebih 811.184 Ton/ Tahun sehingga menjadi pertimbangan untuk diteliti karakteristiknya sebagai sumber energi PLTU dalam rangka mendukung program pemerintah yaitu bauran energi serta reduksi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK). PLTU komersial menggunakan batubara sebagai sumber energi namun menghasilkan emisi yang tinggi khususnya CO2. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut maka limbah kelapa dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber energi untuk subtitusi batubara 100% atau secara parsial (co-firing). Karakteristik TK dan SK diperoleh dari hasil analisis proksimat, ultimat dan nilai kalor. Metode neraca massa digunakan untuk memprediksi karakteristik dari variasi komposisi TK dan SK yang dijadikan sebagai umpan pada proses pirolisis. Perangkat lunak Aspen Plus digunakan untuk memodelkan proses pirolisis untuk memprediksi produk bio-arang dan gas yang dihasilkan dari beberapa variasi umpan. Model proses pirolisis divalidasi dengan penelitian sebelumnya dengan perolehan selisih ketidaksesuaiannya yaitu 6%. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi dengan umpan TK 100% menghasilkan produk bio-arang 29.29% dengan nilai kalor 29.41 MJ/kg dan produk gas 70.71% dengan nilai kalor gas 185,253 kJ/Nm3 dengan konsentrasi gas 49.35% CH4, 0.06% CO, 43.03% CO2, dan 7.56% H2. Sedangkan hasil simulasi dengan umpan SK 100% menghasilkan produk bio-arang 27.86% dengan nilai kalor 24.14 MJ/kg dan produk gas 72.14% dengan nilai kalor gas 171.559 kJ/Nm3 dengan konsentrasi 45.62% CH4, 0.06% CO, 47.04% CO2, dan 7.28% H2.
Kata Kunci: Limbah Kelapa, Pirolisis, Aspen Plus, Bio-arang, Gas.

The area of coconut plantations in North Maluku Province is 202,796 Ha. The total waste of coconut shell (TK) and coconut husk (SK) produced is approximately 811,184 tons/year so that it becomes a consideration for the characteristics being researched as a PLTU energy source in order to support government government programs in the energy mixing and reduction of Greenhouse Gases (GHG). commercial power plants use coal as an energy source but produce high emissions, especially CO2. To overcome this, coconut waste is used as an energy source for 100% or partial coal substitution (co-firing). The characteristics of TK and SK were obtained from the proximate, ultimate and calorific value analysis. The mass balance method is used to predict the characteristics of the variations in the composition of TK and SK which are used as feed in the pyrolysis process. Aspen Plus software is used to model the pyrolysis process to predict the product of bio-charcoal and gas produced from several feed variations. The pyrolysis process model was validated by previous studies with the differences 6%. Based on the simulation results with 100% TK feed yielded 29.29% bio-charcoal product with a calorific value of 29.41 MJ/kg and 70.71% gas product with a gas calorific value of 185.253 kJ/Nm3 with a gas concentration of 49.35% CH4, 0.06% CO, 43.03% CO2, and 7.56% H2. While the simulation results with 100% SK feed produce 27.86% bio-charcoal product with a calorific value of 24.14 MJ/kg and 72.14% gas product with a gas calorific value of 171.559 kJ/Nm3 with a concentration of 45.62% CH4, 0.06 % CO, 47.04% CO2, and 7.28% H2.
Keywords: Coconut Waste, Pyrolysis, Aspen Plus, Bio-charcoal, Gas

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Limbah Kelapa, Pirolisis, Aspen Plus, Bio-arang, Gas.
Subjects: Engineering
Divisions: Postgraduate Program > Master Program in Energy
Depositing User: ekana listianawati
Date Deposited: 14 Sep 2023 03:24
Last Modified: 14 Sep 2023 03:24
URI: https://eprints2.undip.ac.id/id/eprint/16256

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