KHARISMA, RAHMA NUR (2022) LOGAM BERAT TIMBAL (Pb) PADA AIR, SEDIMEN, DAN KERANG DARAH (Anadara granosa) DI MUARA SUNGAI LOJI DAN PERAIRAN PANTAI SEKITARNYA, KOTA PEKALONGAN (22ik577). Undergraduate thesis, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK
Rahma Nur Kharisma. 26040118130159. Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) pada Air,
Sedimen, dan Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa) di Muara Sungai Loji dan Perairan
Pantai Sekitarnya, Kota Pekalongan (Bambang Yulianto dan Ria Azizah Tri
Nuraini)
Kota Pekalongan merupakan salah satu sentra industri batik yang besar.
Kegiatan industri batik di Pekalongan menjadi salah satu penghasil limbah cair
yang mencemari lingkungan perairan sungai dengan kandungan logam berat.
Limbah batik mengandung bahan pencemar yang membahayakan seperti logam
berat yaitu timbal (Pb). Logam berat yang masuk melalui muara sungai akan
terbawa dan tersebar ke laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan
logam berat timbal (Pb) pada air, sedimen, dan kerang darah (Anadara granosa) di
Muara Sungai Loji serta mengetahui status pencemaran logam berat timbal (Pb) di
Muara Sungai Loji, Pekalongan.
Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Bulan Maret 2022. Stasiun pengambilan
sampel ditentukan secara purposive sampling. Penentuan stasiun pengambilan
sampel ditentukan atas dasar ketersediaan materi yang diamati, meliputi air,
sedimen, dan kerang darah (Anadara granosa). Stasiun pengambilan sampel dibagi
menjadi 5 lokasi yaitu Stasiun-1 di sungai lokasi pembuangan limbah batik,
Stasiun-2 di alur pertemuan 2 sungai (samping TPI), Stasiun-3 di muara sungai,
Stasiun-4 di perairan pantai, dan Stasiun-5 di lepas pantai. Pengambilan sampel air,
sedimen, dan kerang darah (Anadara granosa) dilakukan dengan menggunakan
botol sampel, sedimen grab, dan jaring payang. Sampel kemudian dianalisis
menggunakan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom dengan metode SNI 6989,8:2009 di
Laboratorium Teknik Lingkungan, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan logam berat timbal (Pb) pada air
berkisar antara 0,06-0,70 ppm, pada sedimen berkisar antara 23,23-157,07 ppm,
dan dalam jaringan lunak kerang darah berkisar antara 25,65-46,25 ppm. Faktor
biokonsentrasi logam berat Pb pada kerang darah terhadap air berkisar antara
41,514-366,428. Batas aman konsumsi kerang darah di Perairan Pekalongan
berkisar antara 0,032-0,058 kg/minggu. Suhu yang diukur berkisar antara 27,7-
31°C, nilai pH 6-8,07, nilai DO 1,25-4,31 mg/l, dan nilai salinitas 0-36,33 ppt.
Kesimpulan dari penelitian yaitu kandungan kadar logam timbal (Pb) pada
air, sedimen, dan kerang darah (Anadara granosa) di Muara Sungai Loji dan
Perairan Sekitarnya, Kota Pekalongan telah melebihi batas baku mutu.
Kata Kunci : Timbal (Pb), Air, Sedimen, Anadara granosa

ABSTRACT
Rahma Nur Kharisma. 26040118130159. Lead Metal (Pb) in Water, Sediment,
and Blood Mussel (Anadara granosa) in the Loji River Estuary and Coastal Waters
of Pekalongan City (Bambang Yulianto and Ria Azizah Tri Nuraini)
Pekalongan City is a large batik industry center. The batik industry in
Pekalongan is one of the producers of liquid waste that pollutes the river water
environment with heavy metal content. Batik waste contains harmful pollutants such
as heavy metals. Heavy metals that enter through the mouth of the river will be
carried away and scattered into the sea. This study aimed to determine the lead
metal (Pb) in water, sediment, and blood mussel (Anadara granosa) at the estuary
of the Loji River and to determine the status of Pb metal content in the flow and
estuary of the Loji River and Pekalongan Coastal Waters.
This research was conducted in March 2022. The purposive sampling
method was used to determine the sampling location based on the observed
material's availability, including water, sediment, and blood mussel (Anadara
granosa). The research location is divided into five stations: river flows, river beside
Fish Auction Hall, river estuaries, coastal water, and offshore. Lead concentration
in Water, sediment, and blood samples of Anadara granosa were analyzed using
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) at the Department of Environmental
Engineering Laboratory, Diponegoro University, Semarang.
The results showed that the heavy metal content of lead (Pb) in the water
ranged from 0.06-0.70 ppm, 23.23-157.07 ppm in the sediment, and 25.65-46.25
ppm in the soft tissue of blood mussels. The bioconcentration factor of heavy metal
Pb in blood clams to water ranged from 41.514-366.428. The safe limit for
consumption of blood clams in Pekalongan waters ranges from 0.032-0.058
kg/week. The measured temperature ranged from 27.7-31°C, pH value 6-8.07, DO
value 1.25-4.31 mg/l, and salinity value 0-36.33 ppt.
The research concludes that the heavy metal Pb in water, sediment, and
blood mussels (Anadara granosa) in the Loji River Estuary and the surrounding
waters of Pekalongan City was in the polluted category because it had exceeded the
specified quality standard limits.
Keywords: Lead, Water, Sediment, Anadara granosa

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