ALBAKOUSH, HUSEN MOHAMED and Kisdjamiatun, Kisdjamiatun and Kristina, Tri Nur (2015) THE EFFECT OF ANNONA MURICATA TO REDUCE PARASITEMIA, INCREASE PHAGOCYTOSIS INDEX AND NITRIC OXIDE PRODUCTIONN (STUDY IN CEREBERAL MALARIA PHASE OF SWISS MICE). Masters thesis, Universitas Diponegoro.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Highest fatal case occurred in WHO data for African Region, where roughly 90% of all malaria deaths occur, and 78% of all deaths were children aged under 5 years. Annona muricata is commonly used for the treatment of malaria and/or fever. This research to prove that Annona muricata can reduce parasitemia, increase macrophages-phagocytic index and NO production of Swiss albino mice inoculated with PbA.
METHOD: Study design was experimental study using thirty six (36) swiss mice which devided into 6 groups were: healthy mice (C(-)), P1 and P2 with respectively without PbA inoculation but received A. muricata dosage 100 and 150 mg/kg BW; C(+) were group with inoculated PbA; P3 and P4 were group respectively inoculated PbA with received A. muricata dosage 100 and 150 mg/kg BW. Statistical analysis used One Way Anova for normality data distribution. Correlation test between two variables used Spearman Test.
RESULT: The highest parasitemia percentage was C(+), followed by P3 and P4 groups. The highest phagocytosis index was found in P1, followed by P2 and P3 group. C(-) showed a lower Phagocytosis index than C(+). P3 and P4 group demonstrated a lower phagocytosis index than C(+). The highest NO level in C(-). The highest NO level in inoculated group was found in C(+), followed by P4 and P3 group.
CONCLUSION: Non significant difference on the parasitemia was found among PbA-inoculated groups with or without A. muricata treatment. Non significant difference on the phagocytosis index was observed among six group studied with or without PbA inoculated and with or without A. muricata treatment. Significant effect on the NO level among PbA-inoculated groups with A. muricata treatment to reduce NO level.
Keywords: A. muricata, P. berghei ANKA, parasitemia, phagicytosis index, NO level.

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