Khales Mohamed Salem, BLHAJ and B Suromo, Lisyani and Kisdjamiatun, Kisdjamiatun (2014) THE EFFECT OF EVOO IN REDUCING ICAM-1 AND INCREASING eNOS IN HIGH FAT DIET RATS. Masters thesis, Universitas Diponegoro.

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Abstract

Background: High fat diet (HFD) induces low chronic inflammation andsubsequently leads to the development of endothelial dysfunctions, which areconsidered as the first pathological symptom of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis ismarked by increasing sICAM-1 and decreasing eNOS levels, which both of themreleased by endothelial cells. Consuming EVOO having anti-inflammation effectmay retain normal endothelial functions. This study therefore aimed to prove theeffect of EVOO in maintaining endothelial cells of wistar rats during HFDconsumption.Methods: A randomized post-test only control group design was performed onwistar rats, which were divided into 5 groups, every group consists of 6 rats.Negative and positive control groups received normal diet and HFD, respectively.Three treated groups received combination of HFD and EVOO in different dose(1ml, 2ml, and 3ml/kg BW/day, respectively) for period of 60 days. SerumICAM-1 and eNOS levels were measured using ELISA method.Results: No significant different of ICAM-1 levels (ANOVA test; p=0.202), butsignificant different of eNOS levels were observed among all groups studied(ANOVA test; p=0.001). Further analysis proved that the eNOS levels of positivecontrols (mean ± SD; 0.32±0.14 ng/ml) were significantly lower than those ofnegative controls (0.72±0.32; p=0.006) and group of HFD rats receiving EVOO indose of 3ml/kg BW/day (1.01±0.45; p=0.022). Post Hoc tests of serum eNOSlevels between other groups were not significantly different.Conclusions: The result of this study indicates that all conducted treatments haveno effect on ICAM-1 levels. Unlike EVOO (3ml/kg BW/day) able to improveeNOS levels of HFD rats.

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