MONALISA, MARGARETHA (2022) POTENSI BAKTERI ASOSIASI GORGONIAN Ellisella sp. DARI PERAIRAN KARIMUJAWA SEBAGAI AGEN ANTIMIKROBA TERHADAP TIGA JENIS BAKTERI PENYEBAB INFEKSI KULIT (Staphylococcus aureus, Cutibacterium acnes, dan Candida albicans) (22ik139). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Diponegoro.

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Abstract

RINGKASAN
Margaretha Monalisa. 26040118130156. Potensi Bakteri Asosiasi Gorgonian
Ellisella sp. Dari Perairan Karimujawa Sebagai Agen Antimikroba Terhadap Tiga
Jenis Bakteri Penyebab Infeksi Kulit (Staphylococcus aureus, Cutibacterium
acnes, dan Candida albicans) (Agus Sabdono dan Mada Triandala Sibero)
Penyakit kulit merupakan penyakit dengan peringkat keempat penyumbang
morbiditas didunia. Penyakit kulit dapat disebabkan oleh infeksi patogen
oportunistik yang terdapat pada kulit, seperti Staphylococcus aureus,
Cutibacterium acnes , dan Candida albicans. Salah satu metode pengobatan yang
umum dilakukan dengan pemakaian produk antibiotik. Akan tetapi, pemakaian
antibiotik dapat meningkatkan terjadi resistensi patogen terhadap berbagai macam
jenis antibiotik. Oleh sebab itu, kajian untuk mendapatkan senyawa antibiotik
baru yang mampu melawan patogen multi drug resistant penting untuk dilakukan.
Salah satu sumber senyawa antibiotik baru yang menarik untuk dikaji yaitu
bakteri asosiasi gorgonian Ellisella sp. Bakteri asosiasi gorgonian Ellisella sp.
diduga memiliki kemampuan utuk menghasilkan senyawa antimikroba.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi bakteri asosiasi gorgonian
Ellisella sp. yang memiliki aktivitas antimikroba melawan patogen kulit
Staphylococcus aureus, Cutibacterium acnes , dan Candida albicans,
mengidentifikasi secara polifasik, dan mendeteksi gen penyandi enzim polyketide
synthase (PKS) dan non-ribosomal peptide synthesis (NRPS) melalui pendekatan
molekuler. Metode yang digunakan pada peneitian ini secara deskriptif eksploratif
laboratory. Prosedur dari penlitian meliputi sampling, isolasi dan purifikasi, uji
penapisan aktivitas antimikroba, karakterisasi morfologi, uji biokimia, uji
salinitas, identifikasi molekuler, biosynthetic gene cluster, serta uji aktivitas
antimikroba metode disk diffution.
Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 3 isolat bakteri asosiasi
gorgonian Ellisella sp. dari Perairan Karimunjawa memiliki aktivitas antimikroba
melawan Staphylococcus aureus dan Cutibacterium acnes . Hasil identifikasi
melekuler menunjukkan bahwa bahwa isolat BU.19.1 memiiki kemiripan dengan
Nocardiopsis salina sebesar 98.99%, BU.19.2 memiiki kemiripan dengan
Nocardiopsis salina sebesar 98.79% GL.17.8 memiiki kemiripan dengan Kocuria
palustris sebesar 99.92%, dan GL.17.1 memiiki kemiripan dengan Bacillus
paramycoides sebesar 99.42%. Hasil identifikasi tersebut didukung oleh hasil
karakterisasi morfologi, uji biokimia, dan uji salinitas yang menunjukkan
kemiripan. Hasil biosynthetic gene cluster menunjukkan bahwa isolat Kocuria
palustris, Nocardiopsis salina, dan Bacillus paramycoides terdeteksi memiliki
gen penyandi enzim PKS II dan NRPS. Namun, uji antimikroba yang dilakukan
pada hasil ekstrak kasar isolat bakteri dengan menggunakan metode Kirby bauer
disc diffusion menunjukkan tidak adanya aktivitas antibakteri.
Kata Kunci: antimikroba, bakteri, Ellisella sp., NRPS, PKS

SUMMARY
Margaretha Monalisa. 26040118130156. Potential of Gorgonian Ellisella sp.
Associated Bacteria From Karimunjawa as Antimicrobial Agent Againts Three
Skin Diseases Pathogents (Staphylococcus aureus, Cutibacterium acnes, and
Candida albicans) (Agus Sabdono dan Mada Triandala Sibero)
Skin disease is a disease that ranks fourth as a contributor to morbidity in
the world. Skin diseases can be caused by the infection of opportunistic patogens
on the skin, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Cutibacterium acnes , dan Candida
albicans. One of the common treatment to treat this infection is the application of
antibiotic products. This treatmen will trigger the antibiotic resistant. Therefore,
the study is important to conduct studies to obtain new antibiotic compounds that
are able to fight multi-drug resistant patogens. One of the potential sources of
new antibiotic compounds to study is the gorgonian-associated bacteria. Ellisella
sp. associated bacteria are expected to be able to produce antimicrobial
compounds through their association with Ellisella sp.
This study aimed to isolate the gorgonian association bacteria Ellisella sp.
which has antimicrobial activity against skin patogens Staphylococcus aureus,
Cutibacterium acnes , and Candida albicans, identifies polyphasically, and
detects genes encoding for the enzyme polyketide synthase (PKS) and nonribosomal peptide synthesis (NRPS) through a molecular approach. The method
used in this research is descriptive exploratory laboratory. The procedures of the
study included sampling, isolation and purification, antimicrobial activity
screening, morphological characterization, biochemical tests, salinity tests,
molecular identification, biosynthetic gene clusters, and antimicrobial activity
tests using the disk diffusion method.
The results of this study showed that 3 isolates of the gorgonian association
Ellisella sp. from the waters of Karimunjawa that exhibited antimicrobial activity
against Staphylococcus aureus and Cutibacterium acnes . The results of
molecular identification showed that isolate BU.19.1 had a similarity with
Nocardiopsis salina by 98,99%, BU.19.2 had a similarity with Nocardiopsis
salina by 98,79%, GL.17.8 had a similarity with Kocuria palustris by 99.92%, and
GL.17.2 had a similarity with Bacillus paramycoides by 99.42%. The
identification results were supported by the results of morphological
characterization, biochemical tests, and salinity tests which showed similarities.
The results of the biosynthetic gene cluster showed that isolates of Kocuria
palustris and Bacillus paramycoides were detected to have genes encoding PKS II
and NRPS enzymes. However, the antimicrobial test carried out on the crude
extract of bacterial isolates using the disc diffusion method showed no
antibacterial activity.
Keywords: antimicrobial, bacterial, Ellisella sp., NRPS, PKS

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