FENDY PRATAMA, MUH HUSEIN (2022) KARAKTERISTIK BIOPLASTIK DARI AGAR Gracilaria sp. DENGAN PENAMBAHAN Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose (CMC) DAN PEMLASTIS GLISEROL (22ik328). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Diponegoro.

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Abstract

RINGKASAN
Muh Husein Fendy Pratama, 26040118130163. Karakteristik Bioplastik
Dari Agar Gracilaria sp. dengan Penambahan Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose (CMC)
dan Pemlastis Gliserol (Ali Ridlo dan Rini Pramesti).
Bioplastik dapat digunakan seperti plastik konvensional, namun mudah
terurai oleh mikroorganisme seperti bakteri dan jamur. Berbagai bahan dasar
untuk pembuatan bioplastik telah ditemukan, salah satunya yaitu agar dari rumput
laut Gracilaria sp. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik bioplastik
agar rumput laut Gracilaria sp. dengan penambahan Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose
(CMC) dan pemlastis gliserol.
Agar dihasilkan dari ekstraksi Gracilaria sp. yang berasal dari Jepara,
Jawa Tengah. Ekstraksi menghasilkan rendemen 14%, kadar air 2,3%, kadar abu
5%, dan viskositas 1,8 cP. Bioplastik dibuat dengan penambahan CMC (2,2 ; 2,3 ;
2,4 ; 2,5 g) dalam 200 ml akuades. Sampel dihomogenkan menggunakan magnetic
stirrer pada suhu 90°C selama 45 menit dan gliserol ditambahkan sebanyak 2,5
ml selama 30 menit sampai homogen. Suhu diturunkan hingga 55- 60°C. Sampel
dituang pada cetakan plat kaca dan diratakan permukaannya menggunakan
silinder stailess steel lalu dikeringkan dalam oven pada suhu 55-60
o
C selama 24
jam.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan konsentrasi CMC berpengaruh
terhadap karakteristik bioplastik. Penambahan konsentrasi CMC meningkatkan
nilai ketebalan, bi odegradasi dan keburaman, namun menurunkan nilai ketahanan
air, kuat tarik dan elongasi. Parameter biodegradasi dan elongasi telah memenuhi
standar SNI. Parameter kuat tarik dan ketebalan sesuai dengan standar Japanese
Industrial Standard.
Kata kunci: Agar, Ekstraksi, Sifat Fisik.

SUMMARY
Muh Husein Fendy Pratama, 26040118130163. Bioplastic
Characteristics From Agar Gracilaria sp. with the Addition of CMC (Carboxyl
Methyl Cellulose) and Glycerol as Plasticizer (Ali Ridlo dan Rini Pramesti)
Bioplastics can be used like conventional plastics, but are easily
decomposed by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. Various basic
materials for making bioplastics have been found, one of which is agar from
Seaweed Gracilaria sp. This study aims to determine the characteristics of
bioplastic so that Gracilaria sp. with the addition of CMC and glycerol
plasticizer.
Agar produced from the extraction of Gracilaria sp. from Jepara, Central
Java. Extraction yielded 14% yield, 2.3% moisture content, 5% ash content, and
1.8 cP viscosity. Bioplastics were made by adding CMC (2.2; 2.3; 2,4; 2.5 g) in
200 ml of distilled water. The samples were homogenized using a magnetic stirrer
at a temperature of 90°C for 45 minutes. Glycerol was added to the mixture as
much as 2.5 ml for 30 minutes. The temperature is lowered to 55-60°C. The
mixture was then poured into a glass plate mold and filtered using a calico cloth
and the surface was leveled using a stainless steel cylinder and then dried in an
oven at a temperature of 55-60 oC for 24 hours.
The results showed that the addition of CMC concentration had an effect
on the characteristics of bioplastics. Increasing the concentration of CMC
increases the value of thickness, degradation and opacity, but decreases the value
of water resistance, tensile strength and elongation. The biodegradation and
elongation parameters have met the SNI standard. The tensile strength and
thickness parameters are in accordance with the Japanese Industrial Standard.
Keywords: Agar, Extraction, Physical factor.

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